An analysis of changing trends in philosophies of science on nursing theory development and testing

Silva, Mary Cipriano; Rothbart, Daniel

doi:10.1097/00012272-198401000-00004

Cited by 76 publications

(57 citation statements)

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“…Later a call for a turning from the structure and essence towards the substance of nursing was heard (50). The background was a tran-sition in viewing scientific knowledge (51), and a growing philosophical and theoretical debate about nursing´s epistemology. This debate was influenced by Kuhn´s (52) paradigm ideas, and in the U.S. also by Laudan´s (53) notion of science as a research tradition, and Toulmin´s description of human understanding (54,55).…”

Section: Fourth Generation: What Is the Substance Of Nursing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Laudan´s theory of research traditions there are many theories about a disci-pline´s fundamental phenomena. In the positivistic view science is a product, in Laudan´s view science is a process composed of theories and ontological and methodological commitments (51). Knowledge derived through positivistic scientific investigations now was considered insufficient as a knowledge base for nursing as a discipline (55).…”

Section: Fourth Generation: What Is the Substance Of Nursing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Four Generations of Nurse Theorists in the U.S.

Hall¹

1997

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research

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Since the academic era of U.S. nursing started in the mid 1950s different questions and answers regarding nursing as an independent discipline is posed. The first theorists wanted to separate nursing from medicine, later theorists asked questions about nursing theory, and the essence and substance of nursing. The aim of this article is to describe the questions and answers directed by four generations of U.S. nurse theorists. The article gives an overview of how the theorists connected to each otherst houghts for the identification and development of nursing domain. The theorists´ influence in the Nordic countries is mentioned. An assumption of practice discipline as being more than science, and including art, crafts, science, history and philosophy of nursing, is presented. The importance of the four generations of theories for nursing as a practice discipline is discussed. It is concluded that all four generations of theories have had importance for nursing as a practice discipline, and that much of nursing´s theoretical thinking has been studied during the four generations. It is however, an ebb in nursing knowledge concerning environment. Future studies are suggested to challenge this ebb.

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Section: Fourth Generation: What Is the Substance Of Nursing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fourth Generation: What Is the Substance Of Nursing?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Generations of Nurse Theorists in the U.S.

Hall¹

1997

Nordic Journal of Nursing Research

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“…These methods usually have an underlying but unspoken philosophical leaning towards logical positivism. Silva & Rothbart (1984) discuss two competing schools of philosophy, those of logical positivism and of historicism. They propose that until 1969 logical positivism under.…”

Section: Philosophy and Nursingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching models of nursing from a postmodernist perspective

Lister¹

1991

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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This paper explores some questions about the use of models of nursing. These questions make various assumptions about the nature of models of nursing, in general and in particular. Underlying these assumptions are various philosophical positions which are explored through an introduction to postmodernist approaches in philosophical criticism. To illustrate these approaches, a critique of the Roper et al. model is developed, and more general attitudes towards models of nursing are examined. It is suggested that postmodernism offers a challenge to many of the assumptions implicit in models of nursing, and that a greater awareness of these assumptions should lead to nursing care being better informed where such models are in use.

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“…She emphasizes that the ways of knowing are neither mutually exclusive nor individually sufficient. History and philosophy have also been proposed as additional ways of knowing (Baer 1979, Meleis 1985, Silva & Rothbart 1984.…”

Section: Science Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silva & Rothbart (1984) state that nursing theory is in a state of transition, and Meleis (1985) thoroughly reviews the historical growth of nursing theory. Most significantly, theory development is at the crux of nursing's evolution into a scientific discipline.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursing science: more promise than threat

Jennings

1986

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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This paper considers the issue of nursing science. Nursing, as an art, has long been accepted as integral to nursing. Nursing, as a science, however, is a more recent concept. Nursing science is viewed as a threat to the profession by its opponents, while the proponents of nursing science see it as a promise for advancement of the discipline. This paper examines the issue of nursing science by looking at its history and development, the definition of science, and five factors critical to the nursing science issue. The author concludes that nursing science is, in varying respects, both a threat and a promise. It is clear that the preponderance of evidence favours the promise nursing science holds for the profession of nursing. It is not a matter of choosing either art or science, but rather skillfully blending both for the betterment of nursing. Both art and science are necessary in nursing--neither, however, is sufficient.

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An analysis of changing trends in philosophies of science on nursing theory development and testing

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Four Generations of Nurse Theorists in the U.S.

Four Generations of Nurse Theorists in the U.S.

Approaching models of nursing from a postmodernist perspective

Nursing science: more promise than threat

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