An Analysis of Application of Mean Glandular Dose and Factors on Which It Depends to Patients of Various Age Groups

Kunosić, Suad

doi:10.5772/31790

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…There was a good correlation between patients' age group and compressed breast thickness. A similar symmetry was noted in other works [7,16,19,20]. It is known that compressed breast thickness value shows a certain tendency to grow with patients younger than 60 and a tendency to decline with older patients [21], which proved to be true with our researched sample.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Due to the newly arisen situation we formed a non-characteristic, third age group. Finally, the patients were grouped by age in to three groups: patients from 40 to 49, patients from 50 to 64 and patients from 65 to 78 years of age [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sudden growth of its percentage representation in the total number of cancers diagnosed with women positioned it as the leading health problem both in developed and in less developed economies of the world [1][2][3]. Every year several thousands of new cases of this cancer are diagnosed among women in Bosnia and Herzegovina [4,5]. Due to a very good topographic position and a high degree of mobility of the breast it is possible to diagnose most cancers in their early phase [6,7] with mammography [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every year several thousands of new cases of this cancer are diagnosed among women in Bosnia and Herzegovina [4,5]. Due to a very good topographic position and a high degree of mobility of the breast it is possible to diagnose most cancers in their early phase [6,7] with mammography [8,9]. Classical and digital mammography are the most frequently applied in breast cancer detection, in spite of conflicting opinions about their advantages and disadvantages [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MGD doses are defined for two critical age groups of patients: 40-49 and 50-64 years of age. It is also necessary to define MGD doses for other patients involved in mammographic diagnostics [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Assessment From Ionizing Radiation in Mammography

Kunosić¹,

Zerem²,

Kunosić³

et al. 2018

Zaštita Od Jonizirajućeg Zračenja Kod Medicinske Ekspozicije

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Objective: This work aims to define patient doses and factors which influence them for all critical groups of patients in routine mammography. Methods: A level of risks and benefits of screening mammography is under constant scrutiny. The size which best describes the amount of risk for glandular tissue caused by application of radiation in mammography is called mean glandular dose. One hundred and five patients from 40 to 78 years of age were included in this study from the Department of Radiology of the University Clinical Center Tuzla. Clinical data were collected from 400 mammograms taken from 105 women from routine mammographic screening. The exposure conditions of each mammogram were recorded. The mean glandular dose was calculated based on measuring ESAK, half value layer, kVp, mAs, breast thickness and clinical spectrum. Results: Mean MGD for women between 40 and 49 was 1.22 ± 0.47 mGy, for the group between 50 and 64 mean MGD was 1.24 ± 0.45 mGy and 1.23 ± 0.40 mGy for the group between 65 and 78. According to the correlation analysis, there was significant statistical significance between the MGD and a CBT (r = 0.709, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Values of MGD doses ranged within acceptable limits and were somewhat higher due to the extremely high value of compressed breast thickness.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Risk Assessment From Ionizing Radiation in Mammography

Kunosić¹,

Zerem²,

Kunosić³

et al. 2018

Zaštita Od Jonizirajućeg Zračenja Kod Medicinske Ekspozicije

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Effective lifetime radiation risk for a number of national mammography screening programmes

et al. 2018

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Keywords:Breast screening Effective risk FFDM MGD Thermoluminescence dosimetry a b s t r a c t Background and purpose: The performance of mammography screening programmes is focussed mainly on breast cancer detection rates. However, when the benefits and risks of mammography are considered, the risk of radiation-induced cancer is calculated for only the examined breast using Mean Glandular Dose (MGD). The risk from radiation during mammography is often described as low or minimal. This study aims to evaluate the effective lifetime risk from full field digital mammography (FFDM) for a number of national screening programmes. Material and Methods: Using an ATOM phantom, radiation doses to multiple organs were measured during standard screening mammography. Sixteen FFDM machines were used and the effective lifetime risk was calculated across the female lifespan for each machine. Once the risks were calculated using the phantom, the total effective lifetime risk across 48 national screening programmes was then calculated; this assumed that all these programmes use FFDM for screening. Breast cancer morbidity differs significantly between regions and according to the American Cancer Society (ACS), 3 39% of breast cancer cases were recorded in Asia while in Europe and North America, the figures were 28% and 15%, respectively. Early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer is the key to reduce mortality. 4Randomised screening trials using mammography illustrated that screening can reduce breast cancer mortality by 15e20%. 5 Since mammography is seen as a cost-effective technique for early detection of breast cancer, it remains the recommended modality for both screening and diagnosis. The performance of any screening programme should be assessed by three parameters; sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value. 7,8 The calculation of these parameters depends on three related quantities; mammography false negatives which represents mammography's inability to detect all breast cancers, mammography false positives which may result in extra examinations and undesired anxiety for women, and overdiagnosis of low risk breast cancers that may never cause health problems.9,10

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Average Glandular Dose (AGD) and Radiation Dose Optimization in Screen-Film and Digital X-ray Mammography

Suliman,

Mohamed,

Mahadi

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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We determined the average glandular dose (AGD) from the craniocaudally (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) views of 496 breasts (247 women) at eight clinics in Sudan. The incident air kerma from the X-ray tube output values and the typical patient-specific breast exposure factors were measured. The AGD values were inferred from the measured incident air kerma and breast-specific dose-conversion coefficients. The AGD per CC and MLO projection and per woman ranged from 0.56 to 2.89 mGy (average: 1.36), 0.48 to 2.08 mGy (average: 1.19), and 2.08 to 9.94 mGy (average: 5.10). The proposed national diagnostic reference levels (mGy) for digital mammography are 1.8 and 1.6 mGy for CC and MLO projection, respectively. Establishing the proposed diagnostic reference levels is an essential step in ensuring patient protection from radiation and will help promote dose optimization for X-ray mammography at the national level and beyond. These results provide important baseline data that can be used to formulate national diagnostic reference levels.

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An Analysis of Application of Mean Glandular Dose and Factors on Which It Depends to Patients of Various Age Groups

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Risk Assessment From Ionizing Radiation in Mammography

Risk Assessment From Ionizing Radiation in Mammography

Effective lifetime radiation risk for a number of national mammography screening programmes

Average Glandular Dose (AGD) and Radiation Dose Optimization in Screen-Film and Digital X-ray Mammography

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