An Analysis of $1/f^{2}$ Phase Noise in Bipolar Colpitts Oscillators (With a Digression on Bipolar Differential-Pair <i>LC</i> Oscillators)

Fard, Ali; Andreani, Pietro

doi:10.1109/jssc.2006.889388

Cited by 65 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The above analysis shows that the expression for the phase noise in a common collector configuration is exactly the same as that for a common-base configuration [8]. Thus it could be concluded that the process parameter contribution to phase noise is independent of oscillator configuration or the way in which the LC tank is connected around the transistor.…”

Section: Phase Noise By Base Resistance Thermal Noisementioning

confidence: 65%

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Phase noise analysis for a mm‐wave VCO configuration

George¹,

Sinha²

2012

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Abstract-The letter highlights the importance of modelling the phase noise of an oscillator using the impulse sensitivity function. A Colpitts oscillator in the common collector configuration is analyzed to obtain an expression for its phase noise. The oscillator design is thus optimized for phase noise with respect to process and design parameters. The fabricated voltage controlled oscillator at an oscillating frequency of 52.8 GHz has a measured phase noise of -98.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset.

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Section: Phase Noise By Base Resistance Thermal Noisementioning

confidence: 65%

“…The base current shot noise contribution is neglected, as it is very small [8]. The contribution of collector current shot noise and base resistance thermal noise is evaluated by using their ISF.…”

Section: Phase Noise Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase noise analysis for a mm‐wave VCO configuration

George¹,

Sinha²

2012

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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“…So, the 50 Ω matching elements calculation using (4) gives L in = 5.16 nH, L out = 33.7 nH, n in = 5.52 and n out = 0.54. The calculation of the equivalent transconductance G meq using (6) gives 1.19 S and with the value of the conductance G R given by (21), we obtain, for the coupling coefficients: n 1 = 52.3 and n 2 = 1.76 using (9) and (10). Let us note that, with those values, the loaded Q-factor of the resonator is 0.998 × (Q 0 /2) using (17).…”

Section: Influence Of the Amplifier Operating Pointmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…9), in other words, where the ISF is close to zero (Fig. 10) i.e., when the noise to phase noise conversion is at a minimum [5,9]. Nevertheless, this impulse of current is clearly shorter in the case (c) than in the cases (a) and (b) which clearly demonstrate that the oscillator operating in class-C presents a smaller value of its effective ISF than that of the oscillator operating in a low or maximum power added state as clearly shown in Fig.…”

Section: Influence Of the Amplifier Operating Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, Γ e f f , rms needs to be minimized in order to reduce phase noise significantly. In other words, the transistor would remain off almost all of the time, waking up periodically to deliver an impulse of current at the signal peak of the oscillator, where the ISF (Γ(x)) has its minimum value, i.e., when the noise to phase noise conversion is at a minimum [5,9]. Thus, the transistor must be operated in class-C under oscillation conditions in order to reduce significantly the phase noise due to the cyclostationary noise sources.…”

Section: Brief Review Of Phase Noise Existing Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimum phase noise of an LC oscillator: Determination of the optimal operating point of the active part

Cordeau¹,

Paillot²

2010

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

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In this paper, we describe an original method for determining the optimal operating point of the active part (transistor) of an LC oscillator leading to the minimum phase noise for given specifications in terms of power consumption, oscillation frequency and for given devices (i.e., transistor and resonator). The key point of the proposed method is based on the use of a proper LC oscillator architecture providing a fixed loaded quality factor for different operating points of the active part within the oscillator. The feedback network of this architecture is made of an LC resonator with coupling transformers. In these conditions, we show that it is possible to easily change the operating point of the amplifier, through the determination of the turns ratio of those transformers, and observe its effect on phase noise without modifying the loaded quality factor of the resonator. The optimal operating point for minimum phase noise is then extracted from nonlinear simulations. Once this optimal behaviour of the active part known and by associating the previous LC resonator, a design of an LC oscillator or VCO with an optimal phase noise becomes possible. The conclusions of the presented simulation results have been widely used to design and implement a fully integrated, LC differential VCO on a 0.35 µm BiCMOS SiGe process.

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Oscillators

2014

RF Power Amplifiers

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An Analysis of $1/f^{2}$ Phase Noise in Bipolar Colpitts Oscillators (With a Digression on Bipolar Differential-Pair LC Oscillators)

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Phase noise analysis for a mm‐wave VCO configuration

Phase noise analysis for a mm‐wave VCO configuration

Minimum phase noise of an LC oscillator: Determination of the optimal operating point of the active part

Oscillators

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