Abstract:In order to monitor the combustion condition and improve the product material quality, a digital image acquisition and processing method is adopted in alumina-sintering process. Two digital properties of flame grade and material grade are obtained by image data analyzing and smooth filtering, which provide reliable reference for operational optimization and automatic control of rotary kilns. This image acquisition system improves the operation of kiln effectively and reduces the working intensity and the manuf… Show more
“…Comparing with the allowable temperature range of MST (1055°C to 1250°C), the stable temperature of MST can ensure a high quailty of sintered alumina. In practical applications, some indirect indices were used to estimate the temperature in the burning zone of a rotary kiln such as use flame image method [26]. However, these indirect indices may cause some measurement errors due to the high temperature and heavy dusty environment along the rotary kiln.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table 1 shows the range of MTI in a real operation of an IRAKP. Meanwhile, it is reported that MTI is majorly influenced by MST, kiln feed rate (KR), pressure at the kiln inlet (PI), RS, moisture content of the raw material (MR), FR, and AR [25][26][27].…”
Section: Data Classification and Data Rang Determinationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MST and MTI with their standard deviations are chosen as the responses (controlled variables) for the dual response surface models. Because most of manipulated variables are fixed (or allowed a very small fluctuation) in the real operation of the kiln [25][26][27][28], these fixed variables are considered as constants and will be removed from the quadratic equations. Therefore, only two manipulated variables of ΔKR and ΔFR are used Figure 2.…”
Temperature is a crucial factor for clinker quality in the Industrial Rotary Alumina Kiln Process(IRAKP). However, the characteristic of the high temperature, complex kinetics, multivariable, non-linearreaction kinetics, long-time delayed reaction and various raw materials make it difficult to accurately controlthe temperature in IRAKP through an existing control technology. This paper proposes a dual-responsesurface-based process control (DRSPC) system for the IRAKP in a novel manner. In the DRSPC, instead ofthe more precise and complicated nonlinear equations, the dual response surface models are fitted to describethe reaction kinetics in the IRAKP and track their standard deviations for stable operation purpose. Because asimultaneous consideration of multiple control targets could address the problem of unstable operation inkilns; the objectives of the DRSPC study are designed as optimizing product quality, minimizing energyconsumption and temperature fluctuations. Therefore, the proposed DRSPC goals are to achieve a uniformquality clinker, a high fuel efficiency, and a long refractory life. A weight optimization approach is used tohandle these multiple objective functions. The proposed DRSPC can estimate the working conditions of a kilnand predict some optimal manipulated variables to the control system in each control time interval forimproving the efficiency of IRAKP. The DRSPC is applied to a real IRAKP for demonstrating itsapplicability and advantages.
“…Comparing with the allowable temperature range of MST (1055°C to 1250°C), the stable temperature of MST can ensure a high quailty of sintered alumina. In practical applications, some indirect indices were used to estimate the temperature in the burning zone of a rotary kiln such as use flame image method [26]. However, these indirect indices may cause some measurement errors due to the high temperature and heavy dusty environment along the rotary kiln.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Table 1 shows the range of MTI in a real operation of an IRAKP. Meanwhile, it is reported that MTI is majorly influenced by MST, kiln feed rate (KR), pressure at the kiln inlet (PI), RS, moisture content of the raw material (MR), FR, and AR [25][26][27].…”
Section: Data Classification and Data Rang Determinationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MST and MTI with their standard deviations are chosen as the responses (controlled variables) for the dual response surface models. Because most of manipulated variables are fixed (or allowed a very small fluctuation) in the real operation of the kiln [25][26][27][28], these fixed variables are considered as constants and will be removed from the quadratic equations. Therefore, only two manipulated variables of ΔKR and ΔFR are used Figure 2.…”
Temperature is a crucial factor for clinker quality in the Industrial Rotary Alumina Kiln Process(IRAKP). However, the characteristic of the high temperature, complex kinetics, multivariable, non-linearreaction kinetics, long-time delayed reaction and various raw materials make it difficult to accurately controlthe temperature in IRAKP through an existing control technology. This paper proposes a dual-responsesurface-based process control (DRSPC) system for the IRAKP in a novel manner. In the DRSPC, instead ofthe more precise and complicated nonlinear equations, the dual response surface models are fitted to describethe reaction kinetics in the IRAKP and track their standard deviations for stable operation purpose. Because asimultaneous consideration of multiple control targets could address the problem of unstable operation inkilns; the objectives of the DRSPC study are designed as optimizing product quality, minimizing energyconsumption and temperature fluctuations. Therefore, the proposed DRSPC goals are to achieve a uniformquality clinker, a high fuel efficiency, and a long refractory life. A weight optimization approach is used tohandle these multiple objective functions. The proposed DRSPC can estimate the working conditions of a kilnand predict some optimal manipulated variables to the control system in each control time interval forimproving the efficiency of IRAKP. The DRSPC is applied to a real IRAKP for demonstrating itsapplicability and advantages.
"В статье рассмотрены основные причины, из-за которых происходит разрушение футеровки разливочного ковша ферросплавного производства. Рассмотрена футеровка ковша, выполненная из шамотных кирпичей и изготовленная в два слоя без теплоизоляции. Для оценки степени износа футеровки были использованы: термографическое исследование с помощью тепловизора и обследование внутренней поверхности разливочного ковша. По результатам исследования, износ огнеупорных материалов наблюдается в районе шлакового пояса и в месте попадании струи выпускаемого металла на стенки ковша. Наиболее значительный износ футеровки наблюдается в зоне шлакового пояса, где кроме химического воздействия шлака имеется влияние температурных напряжений. В целом же, износ футеровки по высоте ковша равномерный, с основными дефектами в виде сколов. Причина образования сколов – температурные напряжения, возникающие при высоких скоростях нагрева или охлаждения. Стойкость ковшей с рабочим слоем из шамотного кирпича составляет в среднем 5-8 плавок, при этом скорость износа около5 мм за плавку. Разливочные ковши выводятся на частый промежуточный ремонт из-за неравномерности износа шлакового пояса, образования двух зон локального износа под настылью, образующейся на границе «шлак-металл». Средняя остаточная толщина огнеупоров перед промежуточным ремонтом 65 мм, при начальной толщине 80 мм. Ключевые слова: разливочные ковши, футеровка, износ, охлаждение, температурные напряжения."
“…Computer vision and image processing technology have been applied in many fields. Many scholars have applied machine vision to the flotation of nonferrous metal minerals and nonmetallic materials such as coal and silica sand (Fu and Aldrich, 2019; Lin et al, 2018; Massinaei et al, 2019; Popli et al, 2018; Vinnett and Alvarez-Silva, 2015; Xu et al, 2016). Some (Massinaei et al, 2019) applied computer vision technology to flotation columns in a coal preparation plant.…”
In the iron reverse flotation production process, the amount of flotation agent and the quality of flotation products are usually judged according to the grade of tailings, so it is essential to measure the grade of tailings froth. This research applies computer vision and image feature extraction technology to the soft sensor of tailings froth grade. An adaptive selection method for the image target region is proposed. The relationship between RGB (Red, Green, Blue), HSI (Hue, Saturation, Intensity), and Lab color space and tailings grade of reverse flotation in iron mine has been analyzed. A new image feature is proposed to characterize the degree of froth mineralization. The RGB and HSI dual color space feature values and froth mineralization degree values are determined as input, and the tailing grade soft sensor model is established by the multilayer feedforward perceptrons and VGG-19 neural network. A tailings grade soft sensor system has been developed and applied in a flotation workshop. The results of industrial tests show that this method is efficient and reliable.
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