An Alternative Method of Steroid-Induced Lens Opacification in Brown Norway Rat Eyes Applying Systemic Pulse Administration

Nagai, Kouta; Sekiya, Hiroshi; Kojima, Masami; Sasaki, Kohsuke

doi:10.1159/000078783

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Various animal models have been developed to study mechanisms of age-related cortical cataractogenesis [15,16]. Wolf et al reported that mice (C57BL/6, (C57BL6 × DBA/2) F1, and (C57BL/6 × C3H) F1), and rats (Brown Norway, Fischer) could develop various stages of cortical cataracts at advanced age [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All rats were sacrificed on day 65, and a representative animal from each group was selected for the following procedures: Both eyeballs were enucleated. From the left eye, [10][11][12][13][14][15] l of aqueous humor was collected with a 0.5 cc insulin syringe for further SDS-PAGE analysis. The right lens was carefully dissected, immediately placed in a 24-well plate containing 1X PBS, and photographed under a Leica MZFLIII microscope (Leica Microsystems GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) connected to an Olympus digital camera.…”

Section: Ocular Dosing and Lens Photographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lens zonular tension may promote cortical cataractogenesis.

Xiao¹,

Shoeb²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

J Clin Ophthalmol

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Purpose: Cortical cataracts commonly occur in people with presbyopia and may be due to age-related loss of accommodation. Wedge-shaped or spoke-like opacities develop underneath insertion points of lens zonules, suggesting a possible link between lens zonular tension and cortical cataracts. Previous studies have suggested an association between accommodative stress and formation of cortical cataracts. We tested the hypothesis that increasing the tension of lens zonules by paralyzing ciliary muscles with cycloplegic drugs may promote cortical cataractogenesis. Methods: Diabetic rats were treated with cycloplegic eye drops (atropine or cyclopentolate) to paralyze the ciliary muscles and produce lens zonular tension. Lens opacification, diffusion of fluorescein into the lenses, and protein leakage into aqueous humor, were assessed at various time points. For human comparison, visual accommodative amplitude data from patients with cortical cataracts as well as agematched normal controls were collected and analyzed. Results: Atropine and cyclopentolate-treated diabetic rats developed lens opacities earlier and with greater severity than diabetic control rats. Fluorescein diffusion into the lens, and leakage of proteins in the aqueous in atropine-treated diabetic eyes was significantly higher than in diabetic controls, and undetectable in nondiabetic controls. Clinical data showed significantly lower visual accommodative amplitude in cortical cataract patients than in normal controls. Conclusion: Chronic use of cycloplegic drugs that paralyze ciliary muscles and increase lens zonular tension can accelerate lens leakage and opacification, contributing to formation of cortical cataracts. Clinical and experimental data support the hypothesis that increased lens zonular tension, which can be associated with presbyopia and clinical pupillary dilation, may promote cortical cataractogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ocular Dosing and Lens Photographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Lens zonular tension may promote cortical cataractogenesis.

Xiao¹,

Shoeb²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

J Clin Ophthalmol

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“…of ␣ -crystallin [12] , and eventually result in cataract formation in vitro and in vivo [5,[13][14][15] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect of Aspirin against Dexamethasone-Induced Cataract in Cultured Rat Lens

Zhang

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2006

Ophthalmic Res

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of aspirin on dexamethasone-induced cataract formation in cultured rat lenses. Methods: One hundred and forty-eight lenses were divided into 3 groups and cultured in vitro: control (DMEM), cataract (DMEM + 10 µM dexamethasone), aspirin (DMEM + 10 µM dexamethasone + 2 mM aspirin). Following incubation, the transparency of the lenses was evaluated daily using a dissecting microscope. Twelve lenses from each group were homogenized and the activities of enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase) from supernatants were measured after 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of incubation, respectively. The ultrastructure of lenses from the control and cataract groups was observed on the completion of 7-day incubation. Results: Opacity was induced by dexamethasone in the nuclear region of the rat lenses. Lenses in the control group exhibited mist-like opacity and lenses in the cataract group showed dense nuclear opacity, whereas lenses in the aspirin-treated group only had a visible demarcation between nuclear and cortical regions at day 7. The activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase in the cataract group decreased in a time-dependent manner. There was no significant loss of enzyme activities in either the control or the aspirin group throughout the incubation period. An orderly arrangement of fiber cells was noted, and the cell membrane, cell junction and organelles were normal in the control group. However, in the cataract group the arrangement of fiber cells was untidy and the lenses contained abnormal-appearing cells. The group exhibited swollen mitochondria, a large number of vacuoles and expanded extracellular lacunae. Conclusions:Dexamethasone induces nuclear cataract in the organ-cultured rat lens by chemically modifying proteins, including enzymes. The enzymes, including those that normally eliminate radial oxygen species, could be especially vulnerable. Aspirin significantly inhibits dexamethasone-induced cataract formation by inhibiting inactivation of those enzymes.

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