An alternative closed-form crash severity model with the non-identical, heavy-tailed, and asymmetric properties

Li, Dawei; Song, Yehao; Sze, N.N.; Li, Yanyan; Miwa, Tomio; Yamamoto, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2021.106192

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It can be seen from Figure 5, at a driving speed of 40 km/h, the battery-electric taxi needs 46.83 m to 55.51 m to stop, at a driving speed of 60 km/h, the braking distance of the battery-electric taxi is 105.38 m to 124.90 m, and when the driving speed is 80 km/h, the braking distance of the battery-electric taxi is 187.34 m to 222.04 m. With the increase in speed, the braking distance will increase at a higher rate. Collision kinetic theorem is a classical topic in road safety research [30,31]. In order to further analyze the braking performance and safety of battery-electric taxis, combined with the formula of kinetic energy theorem, the collision kinetic energy of adult men with a certain mass when they are hit by battery-electric taxis under different speed conditions is analyzed.…”

Section: Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the vehicle hits the person, the impacted person will fly out in the positive direction at the speed of vman, thus the speed variation Δv of the entire impact process is equal to the fly out speed vman minus the speed of the person relative to the vehicle. That is, from the driving speed of the vehicle vvehicle, substituted into the formula of kinetic energy change, the collision kinetic energy Collision kinetic theorem is a classical topic in road safety research [30,31]. In order to further analyze the braking performance and safety of battery-electric taxis, combined with the formula of kinetic energy theorem, the collision kinetic energy of adult men with a certain mass when they are hit by battery-electric taxis under different speed conditions is analyzed.…”

Section: Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Dong

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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The battery-electric taxis have the features of larger mass, low operating noise, and great speed, and the drivers of battery-electric taxis have various driving behaviors and low safety awareness, which leads to higher safety risks. In the paper, the driving and speed characteristics of battery-electric taxis, conventional taxis, and private cars are compared and analyzed through conducting a GPS trajectory survey and a cross-section traffic flow parameter survey. An evaluation index system that is based on the spatio-temporal speed parameters is proposed, and a MEW-VIKOR method is developed for the operatiing safety evaluation of the battery-electric taxi. The results show that the operating speed of battery-electric taxis is significantly higher than that of conventional taxis on weekdays and weekends, and there is a relatively common speeding phenomenon on urban local roads. The proposed safety evaluation index system that is based on the spatio-temporal speed parameters and the MEW-VIKOR evaluation method can effectively evaluate the operatiing safety of battery-electric taxis. In addition, the ranking results show that, according to the spatio-temporal speed parameters, the operating safety of battery-electric taxis is lower than that of conventional taxis and private cars. The research provides theoretical insights for strategies and policies making to reduce the unsafe driving behaviors of battery-electric taxis.

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Section: Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Empirical Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Dong

et al. 2021

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various data have been used for the analysis of unsafe behavior in previous studies [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Some data used in previous research were derived from questionnaires [24] or online questionnaires [25]; some were from professional agencies, such as the Highway Safety and Information System in the United States [26] and the airlines aviation industry in Nigeria [27], while others were from video event recorders [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsafe Behaviors Analysis of Sideswipe Collision on Urban Expressways Based on Bayesian Network

Ning

Bai

2022

Sustainability

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The causes of crashes on urban expressways are mostly related to the unsafe behaviors of drivers before the crash. This study focuses on sideswipe collisions on urban expressways. Through real and visual crash data, 17 unsafe behaviors were identified for the analysis of sideswipe collisions on an urban expressway. The chains of high-risk and unsafe behaviors were then revealed to investigate the relationship between drivers’ unsafe behaviors and sideswipe collisions. A Bayesian network diagram of unsafe behaviors was used to obtain the correlation between unsafe behaviors and their influence. A topology diagram of unsafe behaviors was then constructed, and relational reasoning of typical behavioral chains was conducted. Finally, the unsafe behaviors and behavior chains that were likely to cause sideswipe collisions on the urban expressway were determined. The possibility of each behavior chain was quantified through the reasoning of variable structures constructed by the Bayesian network. The result shows that the significant influential single unsafe behavior leading to sideswipe collision on urban expressways was lane change without checking the rearview mirror or not scanning the road around and queue-jumping; moreover, based on unsafe behavior chains analysis, the most influential chains leading to sideswipe collision were: improper driving behavior in an emergency—failure to turn on signal when changing lanes—distracted and inattentive driving. Some safety precautions and countermeasures aimed at unsafe behaviors could be taken before the crash. The results of the study can be used to reduce the number of sideswipe collisions, thereby improving traffic safety on urban expressways.

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“…Having recognized the importance of the problem and the need for action, the United Nations launched the second "Decade of Action for Road Safety 2021-2030" with the explicit target of reducing road fatalities and injuries by at least 50% during this period (UN General Assembly Resolution 74/299). For this purpose, apart from recording and analyzing the number of crashes and casualties (see, e.g., [4][5][6][7]), various underlying risk factors that contribute to crashes should be studied in detail. Therefore, investigation on safety performance indicators (SPIs) is widely encouraged [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Road Safety Development in European Countries: A Cross-Year Comparative Analysis of a Safety Performance Index

2022

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The development of a road safety performance index has been widely accepted as a supportive instrument to evaluate and compare the safety performance in different countries. However, most of the current studies concentrate on the index development for only one year. In other words, there is still a lack of cross-year comparison based on the constructed safety performance index, so as to assess the progress of road safety performance in different countries over time. In this study, by collecting data on four background indicators and seven safety performance indicators of 21 European countries for both 2008 and 2015, the hierarchical clustering analysis is first utilized to identify country groups based on the background indicators. Then, the principal component analysis (PCA) is applied for each group to construct a safety performance index, and a cross-year comparative analysis on country grouping, index ranking, and weight allocation is conducted. The results show that the members in the two country groups remain the same, implying that there was no dramatic change with respect to these countries’ road safety policy context in these two years. However, the gaps between these two country groups with respect to their overall socioeconomic development, as well as their road safety performance, enlarged over this period. Moreover, by comparing the indicator weights assigned for each country group in different years and examining the changes in indicator values of each country, a useful insight into the areas of underperformance is gained, which cannot be revealed in single year index evaluation. All these findings provide policy makers with valuable guidance to prioritize their actions to improve the level of road safety.

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An alternative closed-form crash severity model with the non-identical, heavy-tailed, and asymmetric properties

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Operating Safety Evaluation of Battery-Electric Taxi Based on Spatio-Temporal Speed Parameters

Unsafe Behaviors Analysis of Sideswipe Collision on Urban Expressways Based on Bayesian Network

Assessing Road Safety Development in European Countries: A Cross-Year Comparative Analysis of a Safety Performance Index

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