An Altered Drug Resistance Pattern in &lt;i&gt;Salmonella &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;T&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;yphi&lt;/i&gt;

Sehra, Devindra; Sehra, Sudhish; Relia, Pooja; Sehra, Shiv T.

doi:10.12691/ajidm-1-5-1

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Despite the emergence of newer antibacterial drugs, enteric fever has continued to be a major health problem (Zaki and Karande, 2011). Resistance of S. typhi to antibiotics like ampicillin, ceftriaxone, co-trimoxazole, and ciprofloxacin (Sehra et al, 2013) further depicts the complications that could arise from the disease condition and thus poses greater challenge in its management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi among Out-Patients in Hospitals within Ilorin, Nigeria and their Susceptibility to Cymbopogon Citratus

Anibijuwon¹,

Adedokun²,

Suleiman³

et al. 2020

NJPAS

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The indiscriminate use of drugs, medication and non-adherence are one of the factors that has led to the emergence of multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of typhoid fever among out-patients in some selected Specialist Hospitals in Ilorin Metropolis and to determine the susceptibility of the causative agent to antibiotics and plant extract of Cymbopogon citratus. A cross-sectional survey was completed over a five-month surveillance period in these four locations namely: The Children Specialist Hospital Centre Igboro; Cottage Hospital; Adewole Specialist Hospital Alagbado; and Civil Service Hospital with a total of about 400 blood samples from out-patients across ages. Antibiogram profiling of the isolates to standard gram-negative antibiotics and antibacterial activity of Cymbopogon citratus extracts were determined using disc diffusion method. A total of Eight (8) Salmonella typhi isolates were recovered collectively from the patients. All the isolates were multi-drug resistant with a notable resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and co-trimoxazole. Molecular confirmation of the isolates showed DNA size of 500 base pairs. The ethanolic extract of Cymbopogon citratus was more potent with MIC of 12.5mg/ml and MBC 25mg/ml while the phytochemical screening of the plants revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids and glycosides. The promising outcome of the plant extract against Salmonella typhi posits its possible application in treatment against the infectious agent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi among Out-Patients in Hospitals within Ilorin, Nigeria and their Susceptibility to Cymbopogon Citratus

Anibijuwon¹,

Adedokun²,

Suleiman³

et al. 2020

NJPAS

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“…Typhi has gained resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and co-trimoxazole, besides developing resistance to efficacious drugs like ciprofloxacin. The emergence of multidrug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics has complicated the treatment [17,18]. The pathogenesis of S. Typhi depends upon a large number of factors controlled by arrays of genes that synergise into actual virulence of the bacteria [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciprofloxacin Resistant Salmonella Typhi Isolated at National Microbiology Reference Laboratory in Harare, Zimbabwe (January to April 2016)

Mutaurwa¹,

Munemo²,

Malunga³

et al. 2020

TOPHJ

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Background: Typhoid is a life-threatening infectious disease requiring the administration of antibiotics for treatment. Ciprofloxacin is the antibiotic of choice for diarrheal cases in Zimbabwe, adopted by the Ministry of Health and Child Care, from current World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines. However, there has been an increase in the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance against ciprofloxacin and conventional drugs antibiotics for the treatment of typhoid. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) isolated in Harare for the first quarter of 2016. Methods: This study was carried out at the National Microbiology Reference Laboratory (NMRL), located at Harare Central Hospital, in Zimbabwe. The NMRL carries out confirmatory tests and molecular typing of pathogens isolated at different national laboratories. The current study retrieved demographics, clinical data, and isolates for confirmed typhoid cases out of 402 suspected specimens. The isolates from Harare, confirmed as S. Typhi, between January and April 2016, were evaluated for ciprofloxacin resistance. Results: A total of 35 S. Typhi isolates were recovered for the period from January to April 2016. When the 35 isolates were characterised, nine (25.7%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. The area with the highest recorded cases of typhoid fever was Budiriro High-Density Suburb in Harare. This area has been hit by other diarrheal outbreaks in the past, most likely due to the intermittent supply of safe water. Conclusion: Most high-density areas, where S. Typhi positive specimens originated, are overpopulated and have regular water cuts, resulting in a decrease in hygiene. More than a quarter of isolates are resistant to ciprofloxacin, agreeing with other reports from Zimbabwe. The misuse of antibiotics could be associated with resistance, necessitating education on the correct use of antibiotics in the community and other preventive measures. Additionally, molecular research on geographic and phylogenetic relatedness of isolates and other holistic approaches for studying the development of antimicrobial resistance mutations, using whole-genome sequencing, in this setting, are warranted.

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“…S .typhi gained resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin,ceftriaxone, and co-trimoxazole, besides developing resistance to efficacious drugs like ciprofloxacin. The emergence of multidrug resistance to the commonly used antibiotics has further complicated the treatment and management of enteric fever and this is recognized as one of the greatest challenges in the management of this disease (7). Enterobacteriaceae ferment glucose, reduce nitrate, and are oxidatively negative (8).…”

Section: …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Bacteriological Study for Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Typhoid Patient in Samawa City.

Anook¹,

Farooq.²

2017

IJAR

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An Altered Drug Resistance Pattern in <i>Salmonella </i><i>T</i><i>yphi</i>

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi among Out-Patients in Hospitals within Ilorin, Nigeria and their Susceptibility to Cymbopogon Citratus

Multi-Drug Resistant Salmonella typhi among Out-Patients in Hospitals within Ilorin, Nigeria and their Susceptibility to Cymbopogon Citratus

Ciprofloxacin Resistant Salmonella Typhi Isolated at National Microbiology Reference Laboratory in Harare, Zimbabwe (January to April 2016)

Molecular and Bacteriological Study for Salmonella Typhi Isolated From Typhoid Patient in Samawa City.

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