An Alkalophilic Red Halophilic Bacterium with a Low Magnesium Requirement from a Kenyan Soda Lake

Tindall, Brian J.; Mills, Angela; Grant, William D.

doi:10.1099/00221287-116-1-257

Cited by 61 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nonmotile and gram variable. Colonies bright pink, 1 to 2 mm in diameter, convex, entire, and circular after incubation for 5 days at 37°C on the medium of Tindall et al, (13).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strain M24 was isolated by spreading on agar media, on site, dilutions of red pigmented brine taken from the side of the main causeway across Lake Magadi. Dilution medium and agar medium were described by Tindall et al (13). The plates were incubated in sealed plastic bags at 37°C for 7 to 10 days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These archaea have been isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya (13); Wadi Natrun, Egypt (12); Owens Lake, California (7); and Chinese and Russian soda lakes (16,17). Like other halobacteria, these organisms may produce a red coloration in brines (in this case, alkaline brines) due to the synthesis of C,, carotenoids.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Growth on different carbon sources was compared with growth on a plate containing basal minimum medium only; any enhancement of growth was assumed to be due to carbohydrate utilization. The pH range for growth was determined after 5 days at 37°C by the pH gradient method of Grant and Tindall(6) on square plates containing the agar medium of Tindall et al (13) but at pH 7, with an Na2C03-NaOH agar layer at one end (6).…”

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Natronobacterium vacuolata sp. nov., a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon Isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya

Mwatha

Grant

1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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A novel haloalkaliphilic archaeon was isolated from Lake Magadi, a Kenyan alkaline soda lake. Cells of the organism contain large gas vacuoles in the stationary phase of growth, and colonies produced by these archaea are bright pink in appearance. The major polar lipids of these organisms are C2,C2, and C20C2s derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol phosphate and phosphatidylglycerol, and the organisms contain an unidentified phospholipid as a minor component. The G+C content of the DNA is 62.7 mol%. The name Natronobucterium vacuofutu sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is designated NCIMB 13189.The haloalkaliphilic members of the Archaea (15) make up a distinct physiological group within the halobacterial (archaeal halophile) lineage (5, 9) in that they are confined to soda lakes and are obligately alkaliphilic. These archaea have been isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya (13); Wadi Natrun, Egypt (12); Owens Lake, California (7); and Chinese and Russian soda lakes (16,17). Like other halobacteria, these organisms may produce a red coloration in brines (in this case, alkaline brines) due to the synthesis of C,, carotenoids. Lake Magadi is an exam le of a red soda m1-l.The haloalkaliphiles comprise rod-shaped and coccoid isolates that are classified into the genera Natronobacterium and Natronococcus, respectively. Representatives of the genus Natronobacterium are readily distinguishable from other rod-shaped halobacteria by virtue of their alkaliphily and low Mg2+ requirement (3). Natronococci have coccoid morphologies like Halococcus s p. but are distinguished from them by alkaliphily, low Mg' requirement, and partial lysis of cells in distilled water (4).Three species of natronobacteria are currently recognized:Natronobacterium pharaonis, N. magadii, and N. gregoryi (14). They are identified on morphological and biochemical grounds and by DNA-DNA homology studies. In addition, slight differences in polar lipid composition have been shown to distinguish these species (7).Here we report the isolation of a new rod-shaped haloalkaliphilic archaeon from Lake Magadi and its assignment as a new species of the genus Natronobacterium. lake, parts of which harbor lo7 to 10 P haloalkaliphiles MATERIALS AND METHODSMedium and culture procedures. Strain M24 was isolated by spreading on agar media, on site, dilutions of red pigmented brine taken from the side of the main causeway across Lake Magadi. Dilution medium and agar medium were described by Tindall et al. (13). The plates were incubated in sealed plastic bags at 37°C for 7 to 10 days. M24 was selected as producing bright pink colonies, whereas the other pigmented colonies on this agar medium were shades * Corresponding author. 401of red or orange typical for natronobacteria and natronococci.N. pharaonk DSM 2161, N. gregoryi NCMB 2189, and N. rnagadii NCMB 2190 were available for comparison. They were maintained and grown in the medium of Tindall et al.Light microscopy. Cells were Gram stained by the method of Dussault (2) and observed with a Leitz Orthoplan microscope. Uns...

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“…Nonmotile and gram variable. Colonies bright pink, 1 to 2 mm in diameter, convex, entire, and circular after incubation for 5 days at 37°C on the medium of Tindall et al, (13).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natronobacterium vacuolata sp. nov., a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon Isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya

Mwatha

Grant

1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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“…The Natrobacterzzlm cultures were grown in the medium of Brown (1963) as described by Tindall et al (1980), but using lower magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride concentrations ; its composition was (g 1-' ) : bacteriological peptone (Oxoid) 10.0; trisodium citrate 3.0; MgSO, (anhydrous) 2.5 ; KC1 2-0; Na,CO, (anhydrous) 16.0; NaCl 225; pH 9.5. Inorganic and organic components were autoclaved separately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipids of extremely halophilic archaeobacteria from saline environments in India: A novel glycolipid in Natronobacterium strains

et al. 1994

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Several strains of extremely halophil ic archaeobacteria, both non-al kal iphi I ic and a I kal ip h i I ic, including Halobacterium, Haloferax and Natronobacterium species, were isolated from salt locales in India. The major phospholipids in these strains were the C,,-C,,-glycerol diether analogues of phosphatidylglycerolmethylphosphate (PGP-Me), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidic acid (PA). In addition, the Halobacterium strains possessed the characteristic glycolipids, sulfated triglycosyl and tetraglycosyl diethers (S-TGD-1 and S-TeGD, respectively) and the unsulfated triglycosyl diether (TGD-1); and the Haloferax strains had the characteristic sulfated and unsulfated diglycosyl glycerol diethers (S-DGD-1 and DGD-1 , respectively). The PGP-Me, and PG components of the haloalkaliphiles each occurred as two molecular species with C20-C20-and C20-C25-(isopranoid) glycerol diether lipid cores. In contrast to previous reports of the absence of glycolipids in natronobacteria, the Natronobacterium strains from India were found to contain small amounts of a novel glycolipid identified as glucopyranosyl-1 + 6-glucopyranosyl-1 + I-glycerol diether (DGD-4). The lipid cores of DGD-4 also contained mainly unhydroxylated or hydroxylated C , , -C , , C, , -C, , and C, , -C, , molecular species with unsaturated (isoprenoid) chains. Hydroxylated lipid cores have previously been identified only in some methanogenic archaeobacteria.

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N atrialba

Minegishi¹,

Kamekura²

2018

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Na.tri.al'ba. N.L. n. natron (arbitrarily derived from the Arabic n. natrun or natron ) soda, sodium carbonate; L. fem. adj. alba , white; N.L. fem. n. Natrialba , sodium white; referring to the high sodium ion requirement and the pigmentless colonies of the type species. Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Natrialbales / Natrialbaceae / Natrialba Strains of the genus Natrialba are extremely halophilic, with growth occurring in media containing 1.6–5.3 M NaCl. Temperatures between 20 and 60°C support growth. They are neutrophilic or alkaliphilic. Neutrophilic strains grow optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, while alkaliphilic strains grow up to pH 10.5–11.0 with optima at 9.0–9.5. Neutrophilic nonpigmented species are Natrialba asiatica , Natrialba aegyptiaca , and Natrialba taiwanensis , while alkaliphilic red‐pigmented species are Natrialba chahannaoensis , Natrialba hulunbeirensis , and Natrialba magadii . Cells lyse in distilled water. They are oxidase‐ and catalase‐positive, chemoorganotrophic, and aerobic. No growth is observed on single substrates. Most species reduce nitrate to nitrite. Neutrophilic species produce acids from sugars. Phylogenetically, the genus is closely related to the genera Haloterrigena , Natrinema , Natronorubrum , and Natronolimnobius . The major membrane polar lipids are C 20 C 20 and C 20 C 25 glycerol diether derivatives of PG and PGP‐Me. Neutrophilic species possess a glycolipid, S2‐DGD (disulfated diglycosyl diether), in addition, while alkaliphilic species do not. Isolates have been recovered from salterns, beach sands, salty soil, and soda lakes. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 60.3–64.3. The DNA may contain a major and a minor component. Type species : Natrialba asiatica Kamekura and Dyall‐Smith 1996, 625 VP (effective publication: Kamekura and Dyall‐Smith 1995, 348).

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An Alkalophilic Red Halophilic Bacterium with a Low Magnesium Requirement from a Kenyan Soda Lake

Cited by 61 publications

References 13 publications

Natronobacterium vacuolata sp. nov., a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon Isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya

Natronobacterium vacuolata sp. nov., a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon Isolated from Lake Magadi, Kenya

Lipids of extremely halophilic archaeobacteria from saline environments in India: A novel glycolipid in Natronobacterium strains

N atrialba

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