An Alfalfa Weevil Larval Resistance Mechanism Detected in Medicago12

Shade, Richard E.; Thompson, Tommy E.; Campbell, W.

doi:10.1093/jee/68.3.399

Cited by 56 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…However, some related species, including M. disciformis DC., M. minima Bart., M. polymorpha L., M. rugosa Desr., M. scutellata Mill., and N. truncatula Gaertn. [2,23,24] possess dense glandular stem and leaf hairs as a mechanism for insect resistance [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo culture of Medicago scutellata and M. sativa

Bauchan

1987

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Resistance to the alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica (Gyllenhal)) and the potato leafhopper (Empoasco fabae (Harris)) is lacking in cultivated alfalfa. However, a closely related annual Medicago, Medicago scutellata¢ possesses dense glandular stem and leaf hairswhich provides a mechanism for resistance. Several attempts have been made at transfering the glandular haired trait from M. seutellata to perennial alfalfa with limited success. Earlier studies have shown that one reason for the lack of success is embryo abortion. Therefore, this study was initiated to observe zygotic embryo-genesis and to develop an embryo rescue technique for M. scutellata and M. sativa. Observations of zygotic embryogenesis showed that the two species are similar in morphology and can be described from youngest to oldest as globular, heart, torpedo, and hook shaped embryos. M. sativa embryos are smaller than M. scutellata embryos and develop three to four days later. Self pollinated M. scutellata (PI 307446) and sib mated M. sativa (Saranac AR) embryos were cultivated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with various combination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indolacetic acid (IAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), and kinetic (KIN). Embryos from both species were also cultured on Schenk and Hildebrandt's (SH) basal medium with the addition of L-glutamine and L-proline. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial for each experiment. Heart and torpedo shaped embryos from M. scutellata grew best (27.5% plantlet recovery) when cultured on MS medium with 0.05 mgl -t of both IAA and BAP. After 15 to 30 days on this medium, the embryos had only developed shoots. Therefore, it was necessary to transfer the shoots to MS basal medium without phytohormones for rooting. Rooting occurred in 15 to 30 days and the plantlets could be acclimatized to soil within 2 to 4 weeks. M. sativa embryos grew best (31% plantlet recovery~ on SH medium with 50 mM L-glutamine. M. sativa embryos developed both shoots and roots on this medium. This information may now be applied to the development of an embryo culture method for recovering insect resistant hybrids between M. scutellata and M. sativa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryo culture of Medicago scutellata and M. sativa

Bauchan

1987

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…or plugging of phloem cells, which hinders carbohydrate translocation (leaftropper) (Smith and (Shade et al 1975;Brewer et al 1986a;Danielson et al 1986Danielson et al , 1987, and hairs have been successfully transferred into alfalfa populations (Sorensen et al 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

TOTAL CELL WALL AND FIBER CONCENTRATIONS OF PERENNIAL GLANDULAR-HAIRED AND EGLANDULAR Medicago POPULATIONS

Lenssen¹,

Sorensen²,

Posler³

et al. 1988

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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al. 1975;Brewer et al. 1986a;Danielson et al. 1986Danielson et al. , 1987, and hairs have been successfully transferred into alfalfa populations (Sorensen et al. 1981).Cell walls and their components can limit forage intake and utilization by ruminant livestock. Lenssen et al. (1987) MATERIALS AND METHODSThe plant populations used in this study were previously described by Lenssen et al. (1987).

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“…During the same time period, alfalfa researchers were investigating the potential for insect resistance using a glandular hair trait in annual (Shade et al 1975 and perennial 7 alfalfa (Kreitner and Sorensen 1979). Shade et al (1975) found that erect glandular hairs on several annual Medicago spp.…”

Section: Alfalfa Resistance To Potato Leajqioppermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shade et al (1975) found that erect glandular hairs on several annual Medicago spp. entrapped and killed alfalfa weevil larvae.…”

Section: Alfalfa Resistance To Potato Leajqioppermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alfalfa resistance to the potato leafhopper: deciphering the resistance mechanism and updating management guidelines

Lefko

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Alfalfa resistance to the potato leafhopper: deciphering the resistance mechanism and updating management guidelines " (1999 INFORMATION TO USERSThis manuscript has been reproduced from the microfihn master. UME fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer.The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction.In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book.

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An Alfalfa Weevil Larval Resistance Mechanism Detected in Medicago12

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Embryo culture of Medicago scutellata and M. sativa

Embryo culture of Medicago scutellata and M. sativa

TOTAL CELL WALL AND FIBER CONCENTRATIONS OF PERENNIAL GLANDULAR-HAIRED AND EGLANDULAR Medicago POPULATIONS

Alfalfa resistance to the potato leafhopper: deciphering the resistance mechanism and updating management guidelines

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