An Air Quality Data Analysis System for Interrelating Effects, Standards, and Needed Source Reductions: Part 11. A Lognormal Model Relating Human Lung Function Decrease to O₃ Exposure

Abstract

Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was measured in 21 men exercising while exposed to four O3 concentrations (0.0, 0.08, 0.10, and 0.12 ppm). A lognormal multiple linear regression model was fitted to their mean FEV1 measurements to predict FEV1 percent decrease as a function of O3 concentration and exposure duration. The exercise level used was probably comparable to heavy manual labor. The longest O3 exposure studied was 6 h. Extrapolating cautiously to an 8-h workday of heavy manual labor, the model predicts that O3 concentrations of 0.08, 0.10, and 0.12 ppm would decrease FEV1 by 9, 15, and 20 percent, respectively.

Relationship between summertime ambient ozone levels and emergency department visits for asthma in central New Jersey.

“…Controlled clinical studies have demonstrated that decrements in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), occurred in healthy, exercising adults exposed to ozone concentrations of 0.080 to 0.12 ppm for up to 6.6 hr (6)(7)(8). When asthmatics and healthy individuals were exposed solely to ozone, changes in respiratory function were similar (9), but asthmatics who were exposed to ozone and then challenged with an allergen had a greater response than a control group (10).…”

The Application of Exposure-Based Criteria in Developing Alternative Primary Ambient Ozone Standards

“…6 However, decrements in FEV1 observed at the end of one day may not occur on the second day of exposure to 6.6 hours of 80 ppb ozone. 7 Successive exposures to elevated ozone concentrations result in attenuated and negligible responses by the third and fifth days, respectively.…”

Statistical Response Models for Ozone Exposure: Their Generality when Applied to Human Spirometric and Animal Permeability Functions of the Lung

“…Larsen et al 9 suggested a model that incorporated both C and T as part of a log regression function, based on a normal transformation of 1 -A/B using the data from Horstman et al 3 In this study, 21 subjects, ages 18-30, exercised moderately and intermittently for 6.6 h exposures (C = 0.08, 0.10, and 0.12 ppm). The resultant transformation was regressed on In T and In C. This model will be referred to as the log regression model.…”