“…85, 2016, p. 165 -180 166 competitive effect in terms of lower price and less shortage, it does indicate the potential for unstable outcomes in mal-designed price caps, especially with strategic firms. Thus, although theoretical analysis of regulatory intervention has always been interesting, (e.g., [7], [8]), the work of Stoft [9] shows that electricity market design, policy making and price caps, without coordination and analysis of later consequence, can render deregulation less reliable. This initiated an active and topical stream of research.…”