An adaptive threshold method for spectrum sensing in multi-channel cognitive radio networks

Görçin, Ali; Qaraqe, Khalid; Celebi, Hasari; Arslan, Hüseyin

doi:10.1109/ictel.2010.5478783

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…That would change the threshold to that of the probability of detection λ d . For proper functioning of the system under any SNR conditions it would be appropriate to let the parameter stay at 0, so that the threshold of false alarm would be default and has to be changed only under low SNR conditions or in other words, where detection process is to be made better (Gorcin et al, 2010).…”

Section: Multiple Adaptive Energy Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of Adaptive Threshold in Cognitive Radio

Avila¹,

Thenmozhi²

2015

Asian J. of Scientific Research

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Cognitive radio is the technology that helps overcome the problem of scarcity in a spectrum. It has its application in empowering a secondary user to gain entry into the spectrum. This admittance is because of detection of unoccupied part of the spectrum. It can boost up the spectrum utilization. The sensing technique utilizes the energy detection method, one of the many available. Being the simplest form, it checks the spectrum for empty slots by comparing the energy present with a predefined threshold. The result of this is not satisfactory under noisy conditions. To enrich the detection; the fixed threshold should be made differential i.e., adaptive or other kind of threshold should be employed. In this work with simulation results it has been proved that detection is better with adaptive threshold and further enhanced by the incorporation of multiple energy detectors. Key words: Cognitive radio, energy detection, adaptive threshold INTRODUCTIONWireless communication was one of a kind which brought about a revolution in the field of communication and with its advent came the surge of customers in wireless network services. The wireless spectrum has become a form of inevitable resource because of its limited availability. The reason for this is the escalation in demand of the radio spectrum. It brings constraints on the bandwidth, network generation and number of users. In reality the spectrum is not systematically allocated. It is regardless of the schemes which depict how the spectrum is assigned to the user. These schemes indicate that the spectrum has run out of capacity to accommodate any further user for communication purposes.The solution that jumps this hurdle in the less available spectrum is Cognitive Radio (CR). It is this technology that makes use of detecting scheme called a spectrum sensing characteristic. The major utilization lies in the fact that it grants access to a secondary user to occupy a part of the spectrum which is vacant at the moment. But the primary user still has more privilege than the secondary users. This phenomenon brings about the better allotment of the spectrum among the various users. This process of detection of unused spectrum contributes to the major principle of the cognitive radio. For the sensing process the primary system should remain undisturbed during allocation and usage of the spectrum by the secondary user and also spectrum holes (unused spectrum) should be identified efficiently. These contribute to the chief interests of the spectrum sensing (Furtado et al., 2015).For such a sensing process, there are a variety of detection procedures. Some of which are the transmitter detection processes such as matched filter detection, energy detection and the cyclostationary-feature detection. Energy detection is suitable for pragmatic applications. The

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Section: Multiple Adaptive Energy Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enrichment of Adaptive Threshold in Cognitive Radio

Avila¹,

Thenmozhi²

2015

Asian J. of Scientific Research

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“…and without LNA Nonlinearity and Interference. When the observation interval is sufficiently large, the test statistics for ED can be approximated as a Gaussian distribution [19] due to the central limit theorem (CLT). The test statistics can then be approximated by where 2 is the noise variance and N( , ) is a Gaussian distribution with mean and variance .…”

Section: Spectrum Sensing Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of the Effect of Nonlinear Low Noise Amplifier for Wideband Spectrum Sensing in the Poisson Field of Interferers

Pati

Taparugssanagorn

2016

Journal of Computer Networks and Communications

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A cognitive radio (CR) device likely consists of a low-cost low noise amplifier (LNA) due to the mass-production reason. Nevertheless, the operation of a low-cost LNA becomes highly nonlinear causing intermodulation (IM) interference. The most important task of CR devices is to sense the wideband spectrum to increase opportunistic throughput. In noncooperative secondary networks, the IM interference usually can be ignored for the narrowband spectrum sensing, while the IM interference needs to be taken into account along with interference from other CR devices in the wideband case. Our contribution is to study the effects of a nonlinear LNA for the second case in environments modeled by Poisson field of interferers reflecting more realistic scenario. As shown in the simulation results, the performance of the receiver is degraded in all the cases due to the nonlinearity of LNA. The adaptive threshold setting based on the multivariate Gaussian mixture model is proposed to improve the receiver performance.

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“…There has been some discussion on adaptive setting of the threshold and also on multi-level setting of threshold in [8][9][10]. In [8], the authors set the threshold adaptively based on the mean and standard deviation of the input signal. This approach has the advantage that it does not have to depend on the noise variance and SNR, but the analysis is restricted to positive (relatively high) SNR channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An energy detector for cognitive radios in channels at low SNR using adaptive threshold

Nair

Vinod

Krishna

2011

2011 8th International Conference on Information, Communications &Amp; Signal Processing

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Fixed threshold based conventional energy detection methods may not work well in low signal-to-noise (SNR) cognitive radio (CR) scenarios where the ability to detect a primary user or to avoid a false alarm has been found to be severely degraded. In this paper, we investigate the effect of low SNR on a static threshold based energy detector. We discuss the reasons for the degradation in performance of the CR at low SNR. We also propose a method to change the threshold depending on the SNR of the channel to make the response of the CR suited to the operational requirement. Simulation results show that adaptive setting of the threshold is effective in mitigating the deterioration of CR performance metrics at low SNR.

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An adaptive threshold method for spectrum sensing in multi-channel cognitive radio networks

Cited by 66 publications

References 12 publications

Enrichment of Adaptive Threshold in Cognitive Radio

Enrichment of Adaptive Threshold in Cognitive Radio

Performance Analysis of the Effect of Nonlinear Low Noise Amplifier for Wideband Spectrum Sensing in the Poisson Field of Interferers

An energy detector for cognitive radios in channels at low SNR using adaptive threshold

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