An Adaptive Game-Based Learning Strategy for Children Road Safety Education and Practice in Virtual Space

Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) has been widely used as a tool to assist people by letting them learn and simulate situations that are too dangerous and risky to practice in real life, and one of these is road safety training for children. Traditional video- and presentation-based road safety training has average output results as it lacks physical practice and the involvement of children during training, without any practical testing examination to check the learned abilities of a child before their exposure to real-world environments. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a 3D realistic open-ended VR and Kinect sensor-based training setup using the Unity game engine, wherein children are educated and involved in road safety exercises. The proposed system applies the concepts of VR in a game-like setting to let the children learn about traffic rules and practice them in their homes without any risk of being exposed to the outside environment. Thus, with our interactive and immersive training environment, we aim to minimize road accidents involving children and contribute to the generic domain of healthcare. Furthermore, the proposed framework evaluates the overall performance of the students in a virtual environment (VE) to develop their road-awareness skills. To ensure safety, the proposed system has an extra examination layer for children’s abilities evaluation, whereby a child is considered fit for real-world practice in cases where they fulfil certain criteria by achieving set scores. To show the robustness and stability of the proposed system, we conduct four types of subjective activities by involving a group of ten students with average grades in their classes. The experimental results show the positive effect of the proposed system in improving the road crossing behavior of the children.

Road safety education for schools with ZoSS facilities in Bandung City, Jawa Barat

“…Peta lokasi rawan kecelakaan lalu lintas di Kota Bandung Rencana aksi keselamatan jalan sudah banyak dilakukan sejak PBB memproklamirkan Tahun 2011-2020 sebagai "Decade of action for road safety". Berbagai rencana dan pengukuran keselamatan jalan sudah dilakukan, termasuk perencanaan sistem transportasi, transportasi publik, peningkatan infrastruktur (Singh et al, 2017), pengukuran keselamatan kendaraan (Bensiradj & Moussaoui, 2019;Fitriyani et al, 2019), peningkatan dan implementasi dari hukum keselamatan jalan (Nazif-Munoz et al, 2021), post crash life saving emergency care (Hikmah et al, 2018;Zahran et al, 2017), identifikasi titik kecelakaan lalu lintas (Zahran et al, 2017), pengukuran perilaku terkait keselamatan jalan, edukasi keselamatan jalan (Jadaan et al, 2020;Khan et al, 2021), dan lainnya.…”

Development and Application of an Augmented Reality Oyster Learning System for Primary Marine Education

“…The experiment consisted of a virtual experiment laboratory environment using AR cards [8]. Game-based learning studies combined with VR have also been conducted [9,10]. In addition to AR and VR, MR applications are becoming more common in education, such as MR applications in mechatronics education [11].…”

Safety Risks of Primary and Secondary Schools in China: A Systematic Analysis Using AHP–EWM Method

“…More recently, there has been increasing interest in applying Game-based learning and serious games for school safety management [14,15]. For example, Khan et al [16] approved the positive effect of an adaptive game-based learning strategy in improving the road crossing behavior of the children. Massively multiplayer online role playing games (MMORPGs) were found to be more effective compared to lectures when motivating the students to learn [17].…”