An Adapted Word-Sentence Association Paradigm for Generalized Anxiety and Worry: Assessing Interpretation Bias

Ogniewicz, Avital; Dugas, Michel J.; Langlois, Frédèric; Patrick, Graham; Koerner, Naomi

doi:10.5127/jep.039013

Cited by 7 publications

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“…Individuals with a negative interpretation bias would be expected to 'accept' threatening interpretations and 'reject' benign interpretations more quickly compared to someone without this bias. In addition, the WSAP has been adapted to be used in GAD samples (Ogniewicz et al, 2014). Changes in interpretation bias as measured by the WSAP have been found in short-term intervention studies over the course of two days (Clerkin et al, 2015) and four weeks (Beard & Amir, 2009;MacDonald, 2016, doctoral dissertation).…”

Section: Word-sentence Association Paradigm (Wsap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imagining the Glass Half-full: An Investigation of Imagery Enhanced Cognitive Bias Modification in GAD

Malivoire

2024

Preprint

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<p>The tendency to interpret ambiguous information in a threatening, negative way (i.e., negative interpretation bias) contributes to the development and maintenance of chronic worry and anxiety pathology. Cognitive bias modification for interpretations (CBM-I) is an intervention that directly targets negative interpretation bias through repeated exposure to ambiguous scenarios that resolve in a benign or positive fashion. Additional research is needed to identify CBM-I procedures that yield the greatest effects for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The present study investigated the acute effects of using imagery to enhance CBM-I compared to standard CBM-I without imagery and a neutral control condition on interpretation bias, worry, intrusive thoughts following worry, effectiveness and concreteness of problem solving, and negative future imagery. Adults high in worry and GAD symptoms (N = 42) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: (1) imagery enhanced CBM-I, (2) standard CBM-I, or (3) neutral control and were asked to complete their respective training for 25 minutes per day for one week. Outcomes were assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and two-weeks post intervention. Participants also completed daily worry monitoring during the intervention week. All three conditions showed statistically significant improvements in most outcomes, which limits conclusions about the specificity of effects of CBM-I. There was preliminary evidence the IMG condition buffered against a worsening in interpretation bias relative to the NEUT condition, however, this was only the case for one interpretation bias outcome. Further, daily worry monitoring revealed improvements in worry over the course of the 7-day training period across all conditions. Importantly, this study was unpowered as it was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Further data collection is required to test the hypotheses.</p>

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Section: Word-sentence Association Paradigm (Wsap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Imagining the Glass Half-full: An Investigation of Imagery Enhanced Cognitive Bias Modification in GAD

Malivoire

2024

Preprint

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“…Chaque phrase est présentée avec un mot négatif ou un mot bénin, pour un total de 240 stimuli « mot-phrase ». Les résultats d’une étude ayant utilisé un sous-ensemble des stimuli ( N = 90; Ogniewicz, Dugas & Koerner, 2011) indiquent que les individus atteints d’un TAG acceptent plus souvent des interprétations négatives et rejettent plus souvent des interprétations bénignes que les individus non anxieux. L’entraînement au PMI requiert une pratique systématique et répétitive visant à agir directement sur le processus de traitement de l’information (Beard, 2011; Brosan, Hoppitt, Shelfer, Sillence & Mackintosh, 2011).…”

Section: Un Programme De Modification Des Interprétations Pour Le Tro...unclassified

Modification des interprétations et thérapie cognitivo-comportementale pour le trouble d’anxiété généralisée : Un essai randomisé.

Fortin-Delisle

Marcotte-Beaumier

Koerner

et al. 2021

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des

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Chez les personnes atteintes du trouble d’anxiété généralisée (TAG), celles ayant une plus forte tendance à interpréter négativement les situations ambiguës bénéficient moins de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC). En conséquence, un programme de modification des interprétations (PMI) pourrait améliorer l’efficacité de la TCC pour cette population anxieuse. Cet essai clinique randomisé évalue l’impact de l’ajout d’un PMI à une TCC pour le TAG. Nos hypothèses sont les suivantes : 1) le biais d’interprétation sera corrélé avec la sévérité des symptômes du TAG au prétraitement; 2) l’ajout d’un PMI à la TCC permettra une plus grande amélioration du biais d’interprétation; 3) l’ajout d’un PMI à la TCC mènera à une plus grande diminution des symptômes du TAG et de dépression. Une randomisation aléatoire répartit les participants (N = 71) en 2 groupes (TCC + PMI; TCC + Entraînement placebo). Le biais d’interprétation et la sévérité des symptômes du TAG sont mesurés au prétraitement, au mi-traitement et au post-traitement. Les résultats montrent que le biais d’interprétation est corrélé positivement avec la sévérité des symptômes du TAG au prétraitement, r = 0,46, p < 0,001. L’ajout du PMI à la TCC permet aussi une plus grande amélioration du biais d’interprétation en situations ambiguës, F(2, 64,77) = 4,22, p = 0,044, f2 = 0,02. Enfin, les résultats observés ne permettent pas d’appuyer une plus grande diminution des symptômes du TAG pour la condition TCC + PMI, F(2, 126,16) = 0,41, p = 0,67, f2 < 0,01. L’ajout d’un PMI à la TCC permet de diminuer davantage le biais d’interprétation de participants, mais pas les symptômes du TAG.

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Testing the specificity of interpretation biases in women with eating disorder symptoms: An online experimental assessment

Korn

Dietel

Hartmann

2019

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Cognitive biases, such as memory, attention, and interpretation bias, are thought to play a central role in the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the interpretation bias is ED‐specific or can be generalized to comorbid disorder‐related threats in women with high levels of ED symptoms. Method In an online study, we measured interpretation bias using the modified Sentence Word Association Paradigm (SWAP), comparing women with (n = 39) and without (sub)threshold eating disorders (n = 56). We assessed endorsement and rejection rates as well as reaction times in response to a positive/neutral or a negative ED‐specific, social anxiety‐specific (SAD), or generalized anxiety‐specific (GAD) interpretive word following an ambiguous sentence. Results In ambiguous situations, women with high ED symptoms selected more negative (p < .001) and fewer positive/neutral ED‐related interpretations (p < .001). Negative interpretations were endorsed significantly faster (p < .001), while positive interpretations were rejected faster in this group (p < .001). These women also manifested negative SAD‐specific interpretation bias patterns in reaction time measures. Nevertheless, ED severity was best predicted by the endorsement of negative ED‐specific stimuli, whereas ED and SAD reaction time measures seemed to have a negligible effect. Discussion The results indicate that the interpretation bias might be ED‐specific. The SWAP can be a useful tool for the further investigation of the etiological relevance of the interpretation bias as well as for the development of modification training interventions.

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An Adapted Word-Sentence Association Paradigm for Generalized Anxiety and Worry: Assessing Interpretation Bias

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Imagining the Glass Half-full: An Investigation of Imagery Enhanced Cognitive Bias Modification in GAD

Imagining the Glass Half-full: An Investigation of Imagery Enhanced Cognitive Bias Modification in GAD

Modification des interprétations et thérapie cognitivo-comportementale pour le trouble d’anxiété généralisée : Un essai randomisé.

Testing the specificity of interpretation biases in women with eating disorder symptoms: An online experimental assessment

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