An Active/Reactive Power Control Strategy for Renewable Generation Systems

Abstract

The development of distributed generation, mainly based on renewable energies, requires the design of control strategies to allow the regulation of electrical variables, such as power, voltage (V), and frequency (f), and the coordination of multiple generation units in microgrids or islanded systems. This paper presents a strategy to control the active and reactive power flow in the Point of Common Connection (PCC) of a renewable generation system operating in islanded mode. Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) are connected between individual generation units and the PCC to control the voltage and frequency. The voltage and frequency reference values are obtained from the P–V and Q–f droop characteristics curves, where P and Q are the active and reactive power supplied to the load, respectively. Proportional–Integral (PI) controllers process the voltage and frequency errors and set the reference currents (in the dq frame) to be imposed by each VSC. Simulation results considering high-power solar and wind generation systems are presented to validate the proposed control strategy.

Real-Time Scheduling for Optimal Energy Optimization in Smart Grid Integrated With Renewable Energy Sources

“…Authors in [44] proposed a self-tuning controller based on fuzzy logic to address traditional controller parameter uncertainties, such as operating conditions, microgrid operational purpose modifications, and microgrid modeling uncertainty. The paper [45] proposed a technique for regulating active and reactive power flow in a renewable generating system operating in the islanded mode for point of common connection (PCC). In [46], an artificial neural network based model is developed for maintaining a better voltage profile with balanced reactive power levels across the grid network.…”

Efficient Energy Optimization Day-Ahead Energy Forecasting in Smart Grid Considering Demand Response and Microgrids

“…This work aims to lower a customer's energy expenditure. The authors in [47] presented a method for regulating the active and reactive power flow in an islanded renewable generating system's Point of Common Connection (PCC). In [48], the authors employed optimum DR technique to maintain balance between supply and demand.…”

Hybrid Forecast and Control Chain for Operation of Flexibility Assets in Micro-Grids

“…In most energy supply contracts, especially the commercial ones, the amount charged for reactive power is not negligible, thus local compensation is important especially when it comes to free cost [46]. According to the capability curve of the inverter, it is worth considering a reactive power control, where the inverter only needs to get its DC-link energized to offer VAr compensation by controlling the quadratic axis in the control loop [47]. Formulating VAr compensation directly is related to the capability curve of the inverter, however, in the current case study it is about a fully quadratic circle with radius S*, thus it is reduced to Formula (27).…”