An Accurate Fault Locator With Compensation For Apparent Reactance In The Fault Resistance Resulting From Remore-End Infeed

Eriksson, Leif; Saha, M.M.; Rockefeller, G. D.

doi:10.1109/tpas.1985.319058

Cited by 206 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The algorithms developed for fault location estimation can be categorized into single-end [2]- [5], double-end [6]- [10], multi-end [11]- [14] and wide-area [15]- [19] methods. Single-end methods use voltage and current measurements from one terminal of the line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Fault Location of Transmission Lines by Wide-Area Voltage Measurements Considering Measurement Errors

Dobakhshari

Ranjbar

2015

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Smart transmission grids are intended to utilize various measurements for enhanced operation. In particular, synchronized phasor measurements have found many applications in this context. This paper presents a linear weighted least-squares (WLS) method for fault location estimation of transmission lines by synchronized voltage measurements. The measurements may be taken from the faulted line terminals or buses far from the faulted line. The circuit equations of the network are used to find the transfer function between the fault location and each voltage measurement. Next, two auxiliary variables are defined to transform the nonlinear fault location estimation problem into a linear WLS problem. A closed-form solution is then obtained for fault location. The use of multiple measurements provides the opportunity of identifying erroneous measurements by a statistical test. The linearity of the problem expedites both estimation and identification procedures. Moreover, the method requires neither to classify the fault type nor to estimate the fault resistance. Furthermore, transmission lines are modeled by distributed parameters so that the method can be applicable to long lines. Electromagnetic transient simulations for 9-bus and 22-bus test systems reveal accurate fault location estimation, regardless of fault type and resistance, as well as successful identification of measurement errors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for Fault Location of Transmission Lines by Wide-Area Voltage Measurements Considering Measurement Errors

Dobakhshari

Ranjbar

2015

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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“…Another approach [3] utilized data at one terminal using current distribution factors. As the positive-sequence impedance does not depend on tower footing and ground resistances.…”

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confidence: 99%

A new fault location technique for two- and three-terminal lines

Girgis

Hart

Peterson

1992

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

322

109

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This paper presents a new method for the computation of fault location in two-and three-terminal high voltage lines. The method is based on digital computation of the three-phase current and voltage 60/50 Hz phasors at the line terminals. The method is independent of fault type and insensitive to source impedance variation or fault resistance. Furthermore, it considers the synchronization errors in sampling the current and voltage waveforms at the different line terminals. The method can be used on-line following the operation of digital relays or off-line using data transferred to a central processor &om digital transient recording apparatus. The paper starts with a twotefininal line to explain the principles and then presents the technique for a three-terminal line. The proposed technique was first tested using data obtained from a steady state fault analysis program to evaluate the convergence, observability and uniqueness of the solution. The technique was then tested using Em-generated transient data The test results show the high accuracy of the proposed technique. Lines INTRODUCIIONThe development of digital fault location techniques for transmission lines has been a subject of interest to researchers and power enginems tor the last decade. An accurate fault location technique is of special importance in improving postfault analysis for line inspection and routine maintenance. A fault location technique can be implemented as part of a digital distance relay, a stand-alone device, or an independent algorithm using data obtained by digital fault recorders for post-fault analysis. Many of the algorithms assume data to be available at one. terminal of the line. In this case, the apparent impedance and the prefault currents can be used to compute the fault location t1-41. Infeed currents and fault resistances are sources of errors in these fault location algorithms. Different approaches were implemented to reduce the effect of fault resistance. One approach considered the fault current flowing in the fault resistance for single-line-to-ground fault cases to be proportional to the zero-sequence current at the relay [2]. Therefore, the apparent impedance is considered to be 91 W 167-7 PURD by the IEEE Power System Relaying Committee of the IEEE Power Engineering Society for presentation at the IEEE/PES 1991 Winter Meeting, New York, New York, February -3, 1991. September 1, 1990; made available for printing December 18, 1990. A paper recommended and approved Manuscript submitted *M. W. L. Peterson is presently with err anti International control^ Corporation where Vr is the relay voltage signal Iris the relay current signal I, is the zero-sequence current at the relay D is the distance to the fault. RI and Xi are the line resistance and reactance per mile RF is the unknown fault resistanceUsing the real and imaginq components of equation (1) leads to two equations in two unknowns (D and RF). The equations are then solved for D. In case of interphase faults (bc fault for example), the current flowing in the fault ...

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“…High load currents can be a problem for the single-ended fault location algorithms and must be taken into consideration [21,22].…”

Section: Impedance-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Location of Faults on AC Cables in Underground Transmission Systems

Jensen

2014

Springer Theses

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University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering. The research has been carried out between the 1.09.2010 and the 15.07.2013 at the Department of Energy Technology for Energinet.dk by which I was hired as a PhD-student for the entire project period.The project has been followed full time by two supervisors: Professor Claus Leth Bak (Department of Energy Technology) and Dr. Unnur Stella Gudmundsdottir (Energinet.dk).Energinet.dk has fully funded the research leading to this thesis "Online Location of Faults on AC Cables in Underground Transmission Systems". This funding has been vital for this research project. Travelling to conferences, two visits at forging research institutions, renting of laboratory equipment and performance of and field measurements was made possible thanks to support from the company. During the projet period I supervised two master projects and thought one semester course in power system transients.The scientific papers written as a part of this PhD are included in the back of both the printed version of the thesis as well as in the PDF-file. The papers should not be considered a part of this monograph, but are enclosed if the reader is interested.This thesis has five parts and appendices. An overall literature reference list is presented at the end of the main report. A list of the authored publications is presented at the end of the thesis. Literature references are shown as [i], where i is the number of the literature in the reference list. Tables, figures and equations are shown as C.F, where C is the chapter number and F is a unique number for the figure or table. AcknowledgementsI owe gratitude to many people who helped me in different ways. I would like to thank:• My supervisors, Claus Leth Bak and Unnur Stella Gudmundsdottir for all their help, comments, and many technical discussions during the last three years.• Carl-Erik Madsen, Henrik Kastberg and Carl Willi Hansen for their help with carrying out the field measurements. In the same regards, a very special thanks is extended to Filipe Faria da Silva and Unnur Stella Gudmundsdottir for participating during all measurements.• Filipe Faria da Silva for numerous technical discussions, for reading large parts of the thesis and for many good times in the office.• Rasmus Schmidt Olsen, Unnur Stella Gudmundsdottir, Joachim Holbøll, Per Balle Holst, Poul Erik Pedersen, Thomas Kvarts, Carsten Rasmussen, Claus Leth Bak and Bjarne Søndergaard Bukh for their contributions and comments during the project period.• Everyone at the transmission department at Energinet.dk for their contributions.• Professor Ali Abur for his hospitality and comments to my work during my three month stay at North Eastern University in Boston 2012.• • A special thanks to Dr. Jeewantha Da Silva for numerous discussions, valuable advice and guidance throughout the entire project period.• To Prof. Athula Rajapakse and PhD-student Kasun Nanayakkara both from University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba for valuable discuss...

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An Accurate Fault Locator With Compensation For Apparent Reactance In The Fault Resistance Resulting From Remore-End Infeed

Cited by 206 publications

References 1 publication

A Novel Method for Fault Location of Transmission Lines by Wide-Area Voltage Measurements Considering Measurement Errors

A Novel Method for Fault Location of Transmission Lines by Wide-Area Voltage Measurements Considering Measurement Errors

A new fault location technique for two- and three-terminal lines

Online Location of Faults on AC Cables in Underground Transmission Systems

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