An accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle with high division of the tibial nerve

Kurtoğlu, Zeliha; Uluutku, M. Haluk; Çan, Mehmet Ali; Önderoğlu, S.

doi:10.1007/s00276-001-0061-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Kurtoglu et al stated that a high division of the tibial nerve was associated with an accessory flexor digitorum muscle [18]. We did not come across such findings but probably a larger sample size can help in better evaluation of this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Variable Branching Pattern of Tibial Nerve in the Tarsal Tunnel: A Gross Anatomical Study With Clinical Implications

Banik¹,

Guria²

2021

Cureus

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Introduction Tibial nerve is a larger component of the sciatic nerve. It arises from ventral branches (Anterior Division) - L4, L5, S1-S3. Then it travels along the distal border of the popliteus muscle, deep to gastrocnemius and soleus. In the leg, it is accompanied by the posterior tibial vessels and lies in the tarsal tunnel. It divides into the medial calcaneal nerve at the ankle, medial, and lateral plantar nerves under the flexor retinaculum. It carries sensory information. It can adapt to repeated forces and undergo stretch especially in ankle joint dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot. Compression of the tibial nerve in the tarsal tunnel can cause tarsal tunnel syndrome. Many surgical procedures need tibial nerve block which demands detailed knowledge of its variation. Materials and methods The study was cross-sectional and included lower limbs of five embalmed cadavers and 10 separate cadaveric lower limbs and was performed in the Department of Anatomy of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, India. The reference line (1 cm width) joining two landmarks medial malleolus and medial tubercle of calcaneus called the mideo-malleolar-calcaneal axis was determined and bifurcation of the tibial nerve was classified with respect to the axis. Results The tibial nerve in all the cases also crossed the posterior tibial vessels. In 11 cases (55%), the bifurcation of the tibial nerve was proximal to the mideo-malleolar-calcaneal axis with a mean distance of 1.86 cm above the axis, and thus comprising the maximum Type I category. Type II category, having bifurcation at the level of the axis, was found in six (30%) cases. Type III category, having three (15%) cases, was recorded to have bifurcation at a mean distance of 1.16 cm. Conclusion Proper anatomical knowledge of tibial nerve branching is required to prevent surgical complications, effective nerve block, procurement of tibial nerve graft.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Variable Branching Pattern of Tibial Nerve in the Tarsal Tunnel: A Gross Anatomical Study With Clinical Implications

Banik¹,

Guria²

2021

Cureus

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“…In addition, a bilateral anomalous extended origin of the soleus muscle has been reported by Barberini et al (2003). Cases of accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle are also been reported in the literature (Gumusalan and Kalaycioglu, 2000;Kurtoglu et al, 2001). Gurbuz et al (1999) have reported a case an unusual muscle on the medial side of the flexor hallucis longus, on its lower distal half.…”

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confidence: 84%

An additional muscle in the back of the leg

Rao

Bhat

2006

Clinical Anatomy

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“…This muscular anomaly has numerous variables regarding its origin site: tibia, fibula, posterior muscle septum, the leg's fascia profunda, and posterior muscular compartment. There are also variations regarding volume and extension (Turner, 1867;Wood, 1868;Macalister, 1875;Testut, 1884;Driver & Denison, 1914;Lewis;Nathan et al, 1975;Nidecker et al, 1984;Bergman et al, 1988;Erickson et al;Sammarco & Stephens;Buckingham et al;del Sol et al;Gümüs¸alan & Kalayciog˘lu, 2000;Kurtoglu et al;Jaijesh et al 2006;Athavale et al, 2012). This muscle was first described by Meckel (Testut;Hwang & Hill, 2009 Sooriakumaran & Sivananthan;Georgiev et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Anatomical variations in the distal portion of the leg and ankle are infrequent, but if these are present they become important from the morphological point of view and their influence in the clinical sphere (Lewis, 1962;Erickson et al, 1990;Sammarco & Stephens, 1990;Yüksel et al, 1993;Buckingham et al, 1997;del Sol et al, 2000;Kurtoglu et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Description of the Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus Muscle and its Clinical Significance

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY:The flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle (FDALM) is an anatomical variation that occurs with low frequency in the leg and feet. It was first described by Meckel in 1818. It arises from the tibia or fibula and extends from this towards the quadratus plantae muscle or the flexor digitorum longus muscle, crossing the medial retromalleolar canal and creating a close relationship with the elements of the tibialis posterior neurovascular bundle. A hundred and ten legs were dissected from Caucasian, adult, undefined sex cadavers, previously kept in 5% formalin solution. We developed a dissection technique in "2 times" to search for and find the flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle, essential for the safe and successful development of surgical procedures in the region. Three cases of flexor digitorum accessorius longus muscle muscle were described. Two of them were founded in the same cadaver, in a bilateral disposition. Knowledge of this muscle variation, its embryonic origin and the possibility of finding during clinical studies and invasive procedures in the leg and feet is important for differential diagnosis in compressive pathologies.

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An accessory flexor digitorum longus muscle with high division of the tibial nerve

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Variable Branching Pattern of Tibial Nerve in the Tarsal Tunnel: A Gross Anatomical Study With Clinical Implications

Variable Branching Pattern of Tibial Nerve in the Tarsal Tunnel: A Gross Anatomical Study With Clinical Implications

An additional muscle in the back of the leg

Morphological Description of the Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus Muscle and its Clinical Significance

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