Amyloid-Mediated Nanoarchitectonics with Biomimetic Mineralization of Polyetheretherketone for Enhanced Osseointegration

Abstract

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), a widely used implant material, has attracted the attention of scientific researchers because of its bone-matched elastic modulus, radiolucency, and chemical resistance. However, the bioinert chemical properties of PEEK do not promote bone apposition once implanted. In this study, using a phase-transitioned lysozyme (PTL) nanofilm as a sandwiched layer, a robust hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating on PEEK (HAp@PTL@PEEK) is constructed. The PTL nanofilm shows strong adhesion to the PEEK surface and induces biomimetic mineralization to form a compact HAp coating on PEEK in simulated body fluids. This HAp coating not only shares a higher adhesion strength and better stability but can also be applied to implants with complex 3D structures. HAp@PTL@PEEK showed significantly enhanced osteogenic capacity when cultured with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by promoting initial cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. In vivo evaluations utilizing models of femoral condyle defects and skull defects confirm that the HAp coating substantially augments bone remodeling and osseointegration ability. Compared with the traditional method, our modified method is simpler, more environmentally friendly, and uses less hazardous components. Furthermore, the obtained HAp coating shares a higher adhesion strength to PEEK and a better osteogenic capacity. The study offers a novel method to improve the osseointegration of PEEK-based implants in biointerfaces and tissue engineering.

Protein-based bioactive coatings: from nanoarchitectonics to applications

“…Many synthesized biomaterials lack interface bioactivity due to their inert nature. Ha and Yang 314,383 pioneered a flexible method for biomimetic mineralization adaptable to virtually any scaffold material, initiating HAp crystal nucleation and growth by employing a polydopamine coating, addressing the challenge of functionalizing diverse materials for optimal biomineralization.…”

Amyloid‐Like Assembly to Form Film at Interfaces: Structural Transformation and Application

“…Additionally, intermediated by PTL film, the strong and robust HAp can form on the surface of PEEK implants with complex 3D structures, which showed fourfold higher adhesion strength to PEEK than that of other physical deposition coatings and can enhance osseointegration and bone remodeling in vivo. [77] Recently, the lysozyme conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) (lyso-PEG) was verified to form a long-time stable emulsion of Figure 6. A) The cartoon to show the PTL induced biomineralization of HAp, and the SEM image of formed HAp.…”

“…Additionally, intermediated by PTL film, the strong and robust HAp can form on the surface of PEEK implants with complex 3D structures, which showed fourfold higher adhesion strength to PEEK than that of other physical deposition coatings and can enhance osseointegration and bone remodeling in vivo. [ 77 ]…”

Low‐Dose Cu Ions Assisted by Mild Thermal Stimulus Inducing Bacterial Cuproptosis‐Like Death for Antibiosis and Biointegration

“…The obtained HA coatings do not have nanorod-like topography and their interfacial adhesion strengths on PEEK are worrisome. [18] Furthermore, pure HA is low in absorption of NIR light, showing poor photothermal properties. Noble metals, black phosphorus, and C-based nanocomposites were incorporated to increase its photothermal efficiency; [19] however, the incorporated components sometimes jeopardize both cytophilic properties and biocompatibility of HA.…”

“…The obtained HA coatings do not have nanorod‐like topography and their interfacial adhesion strengths on PEEK are worrisome. [ 18 ]…”