Amygdala and regional volumes in treatment-resistant<i>versus</i>nontreatment-resistant depression patients

Sandu, Anca-Larisa; Artiges, Éric; Galinowski, A.; Gallarda, Thierry; Bellivier, Frank; Lemaître, Hervé; Granger, Bernard; Ringuenet, Damien; Tzavara, Eleni T.; Martinot, Jean‐Luc; Martinot, Marie‐Laure Paillère

doi:10.1002/da.22675

Cited by 18 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Vanneste et al (2015) reported a direct correlation between the tinnitus distress, loudness, duration, and its negative effect on the gray matter density (specifically in cerebellum and also to a lower extent in the primary AC). In general, tinnitus might lead to anxiety and depression that commonly cause morphometric changes within the limbic structures (Bora et al, 2012;Sandu et al, 2017). However, our tinnitus groups had very small variance of the tinnitus distress and also low results of THI, therefore they only suffered from very mild depression or anxiety due to tinnitus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus

Profant

Škoch

Tintěra

et al. 2020

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Age related hearing loss (presbycusis) is a natural process represented by elevated auditory thresholds and decreased speech intelligibility, especially in noisy conditions. Tinnitus is a phantom sound that also potentially leads to cortical changes, with its highest occurrence coinciding with the clinical onset of presbycusis. The aim of our project was to identify age, hearing loss and tinnitus related structural changes, within the auditory system and associated structures. Groups of subjects with presbycusis and tinnitus (22 subjects), with only presbycusis (24 subjects), young tinnitus patients with normal hearing (10 subjects) and young controls (17 subjects), underwent an audiological examination to characterize hearing loss and tinnitus. In addition, MRI (3T MR system, analysis in Freesurfer software) scans were used to identify changes in the cortical and subcortical structures. The following areas of the brain were analyzed: Heschl gyrus (HG), planum temporale (PT), primary visual cortex (V1), gyrus parahippocampus (PH), anterior insula (Ins), amygdala (Amg), and hippocampus (HP). A statistical analysis was performed in R framework using linear mixed-effects models with explanatory variables: age, tinnitus, laterality and hearing. In all of the cortical structures, the gray matter thickness decreased significantly with aging without having an effect on laterality (differences between the left and right hemispheres). The decrease in the gray matter thickness was faster in the HG, PT and Ins in comparison with the PH and V1. Aging did not influence the surface of the cortical areas, however there were differences between the surface size of the reported regions in the left and right hemispheres. Hearing loss caused only a borderline decrease of the cortical surface in the HG. Tinnitus was accompanied by a borderline decrease of the Ins surface and led to an increase in the volume of Amy and HP. In summary, aging is accompanied by a decrease in the cortical gray matter thickness; hearing loss only has a limited effect on the structure of the investigated cortical areas and tinnitus causes structural changes which are predominantly within the limbic system and insula, with the structure of the auditory system only being minimally affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus

Profant

Škoch

Tintěra

et al. 2020

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…Additionally, others have concluded that amygdala volume may be a predictor of treatment response, finding higher amygdala volumes in treatment-resistant patients versus nontreatment resistant patients. 77 However, it must be noted that comorbid anxiety may be present in these cohorts, and this could have an effect on amygdala volumes. 78 Although amygdalar volume has been suggested to be a marker of treatment response, one study did not demonstrate volumetric differences between currently depressed individuals and controls; however, there was volumetric enlargement in patients in remission not related to the use of medication.…”

Section: Amygdala As a State Marker Of Illnessmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Amygdala As a State Marker Of Illnessmentioning

confidence: 93%

Hippocampal and Amygdalar Volume Changes in Major Depressive Disorder: A Targeted Review and Focus on Stress

et al. 2020

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Medial temporal lobe structures have long been implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. Although findings of smaller hippocampal and amygdalar volumes are common, inconsistencies remain in the literature. In this targeted review, we examine recent and significant neuroimaging papers examining the volumes of these structures in major depressive disorder. A targeted PubMed/Google Scholar search was undertaken focusing on volumetric neuroimaging studies of the hippocampus and amygdala in major depressive disorder. Where possible, mean volumes and accompanying standard deviations were extracted allowing computation of Cohen’s ds effect sizes. Although not a meta-analysis, this allows a broad comparison of volume changes across studies. Thirty-nine studies in total were assessed. Hippocampal substructures and amygdale substructures were investigated in 11 and 2 studies, respectively. The hippocampus was more consistently smaller than the amygdala across studies, which is reflected in the larger cumulative difference in volume found with the Cohen’s ds calculations. The left and right hippocampi were, respectively, 92% and 91.3% of the volume found in controls, and the left and right amygdalae were, respectively, 94.8% and 92.6% of the volume of controls across all included studies. The role of stress in temporal lobe structure volume reduction in major depressive disorder is discussed.

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“…Enlarged amygdala volumes was found in first-episode depressive patients that positively correlated with severity of depression 80 . Higher grey matter volume was detected in bilateral amygdala of TRD patients compared to non-TRD patients, irrespective whether the patients presented bipolar or unipolar features and was suggested to reflect vulnerability to chronicity, revealed by medication resistance 81 . Larger right amygdala volume was, however, also suggested to be associated with greater chances of remission in bipolar disorder 82 .…”

Section: Increased Right Amygdala Directed Functional Connectivity Inmentioning

confidence: 88%

Altered directed functional connectivity of the right amygdala in depression: high-density EEG study

Damborská

Honzírková

Barteček

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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the cortico-striatal-pallidal-thalamic and limbic circuits are suggested to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of depression. Stimulation of deep brain targets might improve symptoms in treatment-resistant depression. However, a better understanding of connectivity properties of deep brain structures potentially implicated in deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment is needed. Using highdensity EEG, we explored the directed functional connectivity at rest in 25 healthy subjects and 26 patients with moderate to severe depression within the bipolar affective disorder, depressive episode, and recurrent depressive disorder. We computed the Partial Directed Coherence on the source EEG signals focusing on the amygdala, anterior cingulate, putamen, pallidum, caudate, and thalamus. The global efficiency for the whole brain and the local efficiency, clustering coefficient, outflow, and strength for the selected structures were calculated. In the right amygdala, all the network metrics were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in patients than in controls. The global efficiency was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients than in controls, showed no correlation with status of depression, but decreased with increasing medication intake (-=. =. R 0 59 and p 1 52e 05 2). the amygdala seems to play an important role in neurobiology of depression. Practical treatment studies would be necessary to assess the amygdala as a potential future DBS target for treating depression. Affective disorders belong to the most common and most serious psychiatric disorders 1. A crucial role of the cortico-striatal-pallidal-thalamic and limbic circuits in the neurobiology of depression was repeatedly reported 2-4. Magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), magnetoencephalographic, and electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have confirmed that depressive patients show structural impairments and functional dysbalances of brain networks that involve structures engaged in (a) emotions, i.e. amygdala, subgenual anterior cingulate, caudate, putamen and pallidum 3,5-12 ; (b) self-referential processes, i.e. medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex 13,14 ; (c) memory, i.e. hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex 15 ; (d) visual processing, i.e. fusiform gyrus, lingual gyrus, and lateral temporal cortex 16 ; and (e) attention, i.e. dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), thalamus, and insula 10-12,17. Moreover, post-mortem morphometric measurements revealed smaller volumes of the hypothalamus, pallidum, putamen and thalamus in patients with affective disorders 18. Many depressive patients fail to respond to pharmacological therapy resulting in 1-3% prevalence of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) 19. One of the newest therapeutic approaches for TRD is an invasive direct electrical stimulation of relevant deep brain structures 20. Both unipolar and bipolar depression patients might benefit from deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment 21 , although an optimal approach, incl...

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Amygdala and regional volumes in treatment-resistantversusnontreatment-resistant depression patients

Abstract: Higher GM volume in amygdala detected in TRD patients might be seen in perspective with vulnerability to chronicity, revealed by medication resistance.

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus

The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus

Hippocampal and Amygdalar Volume Changes in Major Depressive Disorder: A Targeted Review and Focus on Stress

Altered directed functional connectivity of the right amygdala in depression: high-density EEG study

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