Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders

Weniger, Godehard; Lange, Claudia; Sachsse, Ulrich; Irle, Eva

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01246.x

Cited by 115 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Adults who experienced childhood maltreatment had reduced gray matter volume in the prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex, the hippocampus, and the cerebellum (36)(37)(38). These findings may correspond with similar neuroanatomical findings in adult patients with BPD.…”

Section: Volumetric and Morphometric Studiessupporting

confidence: 75%

Neurobiological Findings in Youth with Borderline Personality Disorder

Brunner

Henze

Richter

et al. 2014

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

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This review summarizes recent neurobiological research into youth with borderline personality disorder (BPD) to better delineate the biological factors involved in the development of this disorder. Psychobiological studies when BPD first becomes manifest are of particular interest, because there are fewer confounding factors (e.g., duration of illness, drug abuse, medication, other therapeutic interventions) at this time. This article focuses on recent findings in the field of neuroimaging, neuropsychology, neuroendocrinology, genetics, and pain perception, and it aims to integrate these findings in a developmental psychopathology model of BPD. In studies of clinical samples of adults with BPD, structural imaging studies revealed abnormalities predominantly in the frontolimbic areas. Disturbances in emotional information processingparticularly involving negative stimuli-may mediate affective dysregulation as a core feature of BPD. Genetic studies could reveal that the stability of BPD traits in youth is largely influenced by a combination of genetic and non-shared environmental factors. Hyporesponsiveness to a laboratory stressor indicates an enduring alteration of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis. Findings of a higher pain threshold indicate that pain processing is already disturbed during the early stages of BPD, which could contribute to the initiation or maintenance of self-injurious behavior. All biological factors, together with environmental risk factors, may contribute to the core symptoms of BPD: severe emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Further research should investigate the development of BPD in youth by using longitudinal designs to determine whether the neurobiological factors are a cause, an effect, or an epiphenomenon of BPD.

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Section: Volumetric and Morphometric Studiessupporting

confidence: 75%

Neurobiological Findings in Youth with Borderline Personality Disorder

Brunner

Henze

Richter

et al. 2014

Scandinavian Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One study reported volumetric decreases in amygdala and hippocampus in patients with dissociative identity disorder (Vermetten et al, 2006), while another yielded negative results (Weniger, Lange, Sachsse, & Irle, 2008). The nonhomogeneity of these results may partly be understood in the light of new research data, which suggest that the impact of stress on structures involved in mnemonic processing (such as hippocampus and amygdala) has a differentiated response, which is modulated by the existence of certain developmental windows of vulnerability (Lupien et al, 2009).…”

Section: The Neuroimaging Of Dissociative Identity Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging and Dissociative Disorders

Staniloiu¹,

Vitcu²,

Markowitsch³

2012

Advances in Brain Imaging

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“…To date, 4 studies on grey matter alterations in patients with dissociative identity disorder (DID) have been published. [12][13][14][15] The available volumetric neuroimaging studies in patients with DID exclusively provide region-of-interest analyses of the amygdala, hippocampus and the parahippocampal gyrus rather than whole brain assessments. Compared with healthy J Psychiatry Neurosci 2015;40(1) controls, patients with DID were reported to have smaller amygdalar, 12,13 hippocampal [12][13][14] and parahippocampal brain volumes.…”

Section: Aberrations In Patients With Other Dissociative Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grey matter alterations in patients with depersonalization disorder: a voxel-based morphometry study

Daniels

Gaebler

Lamke

et al. 2015

jpn

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Amygdala and hippocampal volumes and cognition in adult survivors of childhood abuse with dissociative disorders

Abstract: We report for the first time volumetric results in subjects with DA/DID without PTSD as comorbid diagnosis. Our results indicate preserved amygdala and hippocampal size and preserved cognition in subjects with these disorders.

Cited by 115 publications

References 44 publications

Neurobiological Findings in Youth with Borderline Personality Disorder

Neurobiological Findings in Youth with Borderline Personality Disorder

Neuroimaging and Dissociative Disorders

Grey matter alterations in patients with depersonalization disorder: a voxel-based morphometry study

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