Amygdala activity related to enhanced memory for pleasant and aversive stimuli

Hamann, Stephan; Ely, Timothy D.; Grafton, Scott T.; Kilts, Clinton D.

doi:10.1038/6404

Cited by 803 publications

(620 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…These findings are consistent with previous studies that investigated the influence of emotion on the recall or recognition of pictures similar to those used in the present study (e.g., Bradley, Greenwald, Petry, & Lang, 1992;Comblain et al, 2004;Dolcos, LaBar, & Cabeza, 2004;Hamann, Ely, Grafton, & Kilts, 1999;Ochsner, 2000). This difference in item memory between emotional and neutral pictures may involve mechanisms such as enhanced attention to, and hence encoding of, emotional items as well as enhanced consolidation or storage of emotional items, mechanisms that are thought to be underlain by a specific neuro-hormonal system (McGaugh & Cahill, 2003;Phelps, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

D’Argembeau

Linden

2005

Emotion

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Contextual information, such as color and spatial location, has been found to be better remembered for emotional than for neutral items. The current study examined whether the influence of emotion extends to memory for another fundamental feature of episodic memory: temporal information. Results from a list-discrimination paradigm showed that (a) item memory was enhanced for both negative and positive pictures compared with neutral ones and was better for negative than for positive pictures and (b) temporal information was better remembered for negative than for positive and neutral pictures, whereas positive and neutral pictures did not differ from each other. These findings are discussed in relation to the processes involved in memory for temporal information.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

D’Argembeau

Linden

2005

Emotion

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“…Relatedly, in a positron emission tomography (PET) study, Cahill et al (1996) found that subjects who later showed better memory for emotionally arousing stimuli, but not neutral ones, showed more amygdala activation during encoding. Similarly, Hamann et al (1999) found that the amygdala activation found during encoding of emotionally arousing stimuli correlated with the subsequent memory advantage shown for these stimuli relative to neutral, non-arousing stimuli. This correlation was not found with arousing but non-emotional stimuli.…”

Section: (B) Neuroanatomy Of Storage Processesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Theories of episodic memory

Mayes

Roberts²

2001

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Theories of episodic memory need to specify the encoding (representing), storage, and retrieval processes that underlie this form of memory and indicate the brain regions that mediate these processes and how they do so. Representation and re-representation (retrieval) of the spatiotemporally linked series of scenes, which constitute an episode, are probably mediated primarily by those parts of the posterior neocortex that process perceptual and semantic information. However, some role of the frontal neocortex and medial temporal lobes in representing aspects of context and high-level visual object information at encoding and retrieval cannot currently be excluded. Nevertheless, it is widely believed that the frontal neocortex is mainly involved in coordinating episodic encoding and retrieval and that the medial temporal lobes store aspects of episodic information. Establishing where storage is located is very di¤cult and disagreement remains about the role of the posterior neocortex in episodic memory storage. One view is that this region stores all aspects of episodic memory ab initio for as long as memory lasts. This is compatible with evidence that the amygdala, basal forebrain, and midbrain modulate neocortical storage. Another view is that the posterior neocortex only gradually develops the ability to store some aspects of episodic information as a function of rehearsal over time and that this information is initially stored by the medial temporal lobes. A third view is that the posterior neocortex never stores these aspects of episodic information because the medial temporal lobes store them for as long as memory lasts in an increasingly redundant fashion. The last two views both postulate that the medial temporal lobes initially store contextual markers that serve to cohere featural information stored in the neocortex. Lesion and functional neuroimaging evidence still does not clearly distinguish between these views. Whether the feeling that an episodic memory is familiar depends on retrieving an association between a retrieved episode and this feeling, or by an attribution triggered by a priming process, is unclear. Evidence about whether the hippocampus and medial temporal lobe cortices play di¡erent roles in episodic memory is con£icting. Identifying similarities and di¡erences between episodic memory and both semantic memory and priming will require careful componential analysis of episodic memory.

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“…Animal studies have demonstrated that amygdala stimulation facilitates hippocampal-dependent learning (Ikegaya et al 1996;Packard et al 1994). The enhancing effect of amygdala activity on emotional memory consolidation is a wellestablished finding in the imaging literature relating activity in the amygdala to later retrieval success (Cahill et al 1996;Canli et al 2000;Dolcos et al 2004Dolcos et al , 2005Hamann et al 1999;rev: LaBar and Cabeza 2006). In addition, negative memory biases are often found in stressrelated disorders (e.g., Bradley et al 1996;Ridout et al 2009;Watkins et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Role of FKBP5 in emotion processing: results on amygdala activity, connectivity and volume

et al. 2014

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Accumulating evidence suggests a role of FKBP5, a co-chaperone regulating the glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity, in the etiology of depression and anxiety disorders. Based on recent findings of altered amygdala activity following childhood adversity, the present study aimed at clarifying the impact of genetic variation in FKBP5 on threat-related neural activity and coupling as well as morphometric alterations in stress-sensitive brain systems. Functional magnetic resonance imaging during an emotional face-matching task was performed in 153 healthy young adults (66 males) from a high-risk community sample followed since birth. Voxel-based morphometry was applied to study structural alterations and DNA was genotyped for FKBP5 rs1360780. Childhood adversity was measured using retrospective selfreport (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and by a standardized parent interview assessing childhood family adversity. Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory. There was a main effect of FKBP5 on the left amygdala, with T homozygotes showing the highest activity, largest volume and increased coupling with the left hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Moreover, amygdala-OFC coupling proved to be associated with depression in this genotype. In addition, our results support previous evidence of a gene-environment interaction on right amygdala activity with respect to retrospective assessment of childhood adversity, but clarify that this does not generalize to the prospective assessment. These findings indicated that activity in T homozygotes increased with the level of adversity, whereas the opposite pattern emerged in C homozygotes, with CT individuals being intermediate. Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests a role of FKBP5, a co-chaperone regulating the glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity, in the etiology of depression and anxiety disorders. Based on recent findings of altered amygdala activity following childhood adversity, the present study aimed at clarifying the impact of genetic variation in FKBP5 on threat-related neural activity and coupling as well as morphometric alterations in stresssensitive brain systems. Functional magnetic resonance imaging during an emotional face-matching task was performed in 153 healthy young adults (66 males) from a high-risk community sample followed since birth. Voxelbased morphometry was applied to study structural alterations and DNA was genotyped for FKBP5 rs1360780. Childhood adversity was measured using retrospective selfreport (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and by a standardized parent interview assessing childhood family adversity. Depression was assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory. There was a main effect of FKBP5 on the left amygdala, with T homozygotes showing the highest activity, largest volume and increased coupling with the left hippocampus and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Moreover, amygdala-OFC coupling proved to be associated with depression in this genotype. In addition, our results support previous evidence of a gene-env...

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Amygdala activity related to enhanced memory for pleasant and aversive stimuli

Cited by 803 publications

References 23 publications

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

Influence of Emotion on Memory for Temporal Information.

Theories of episodic memory

Role of FKBP5 in emotion processing: results on amygdala activity, connectivity and volume

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