Amyand’s Hernia with Appendicitis: A Case Report and Integrative Review

Abstract

Introduction. Inguinal hernia is a common disorder with an estimated prevalence of 1.2% of the entire population and it is 12 times more common in males. Objective. To describe a case of appendix with signs of inflammation in the hernia sac, condition that is rare and difficult to diagnose, and to perform literature review, describing the most relevant aspects and the main controversies. Method. Report of a case and search in PubMed on June 1, 2015, using the terms “Appendix” [MeSH term] AND “hernia, inguinal” [MeSH term]. Results. The search resulted in 38 articles in total, and after deleting the articles that were not part of the inclusion criteria, there were 26 case reports remaining. Discussion. The search resulted in a total of 38 articles and after deleting the articles that were not part of the inclusion criteria, there were 26 case reports remaining. Conclusion. Amyand's hernia is a rare and difficult to diagnose condition, being commonly found occasionally in surgical procedures. It should be remembered in the presence of cases of incarcerated hernia, due to its possible complications if not diagnosed.

Giant Left-Sided Amyand’s Hernia: A Challenging Procedure in a Rural Hospital

“…Symptoms mimicking appendicitis may occur in right-sided Amyand's hernia [ 10 ]. The majority of these cases present with the features of an obstructed or strangulated inguinal hernia or with or without features of appendicitis [ 3 , 4 , 6 ]. It is difficult to diagnose clinically and is rarely diagnosed preoperatively [ 3 ].…”

“…The finding of a vermiform appendix in the case of an inguinal hernia is called Amyand's hernia [ 3 ]. This unusual situation is estimated to occur in approximately 1% of adult inguinal hernia cases with an incidence 12 times greater in males [ 3 , 4 ]. Most cases of Amyand's hernia occur on the right side.…”

Hernia de Amyand: presentación de un caso

“…Se pueden encontrar, fiebre, emesis, distensión abdominal, dolor en la región periumbilical, que posteriormente se localiza en la fosa ilíaca derecha o en la región inguinal. También pueden presentarse sín-tomas de irritación peritoneal, en la mayoría de los casos localizados porque el orificio inguinal limita la extensión de la peritonitis (5,15,16).…”

Two Rare Cases of Appendicitis: Amyand’s Hernia and De Garengeot’s Hernia

“…Two very rare but similar entities are Amyand's hernia, described as a vermiform appendix within an inguinal hernia, and De Garengeot's hernia, being a vermiform appendix inside a femoral hernia [1–10]. Older studies claim that Amyand's hernia occurs in 1% of all inguinal hernias, and the presence of appendicitis within an Amyand's hernia accounts for 0.1% of all appendicitis [1–5, 7]. More recent research suggests the prevalence is smaller than previous thought, occurring in 0.4-0.6% of all inguinal hernias [1].…”