Amuse-Virgo. Ii. Down-Sizing in Black Hole Accretion

Gallo, Elena; Treu, Tommaso; Marshall, Phil; Woo, Jong-Hak; Leipski, C.; Antonucci, Robert

doi:10.1088/0004-637x/714/1/25

Cited by 119 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 104 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

181

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We find a source essentially coincident with the nucleus, with flux lower than, but just consistent with, values quoted by both Seth et al (2008, 4.4 × 10 38 erg s −1 from 2XMM) and Gallo et al (2010) (3.8 × 10 38 erg s −1 ). Although VCC 1355 does not have an SDSS spectrum, Paudel et al (2011) do not see any emission lines.…”

Section: Vcc 1355supporting

confidence: 91%

“…The source does not appear to have been detected previously. Gallo et al (2010) quote an upper limit at 4 × 10 38 erg s −1 consistent with our detection if it is at the lower end of our error range. (Changing the model spectrum used could also change our derived flux downwards.…”

Section: Vcc 1431supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Their X-ray luminosity of 1.6 × 10 38 erg s −1 is in good agreement with ours. Gallo et al (2008Gallo et al ( , 2010, on the other hand, do not detect an X-ray source, perhaps because they were searching only for emission coincident with the nucleus or because its flux was just below their detection threshold ( 2 × 10 38 erg s −1 ).…”

Section: Vcc 751mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

X-ray sources in dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster and the nearby field

Papadopoulou

Phillipps

Young

2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extent to which dwarf galaxies represent essentially scaled down versions of giant galaxies is an important question with regards the formation and evolution of the galaxy population as a whole. Here, we address the specific question of whether dwarf galaxies behave like smaller versions of giants in terms of their X-ray properties. We discuss two samples of around 100 objects each, dwarfs in the Virgo cluster and dwarfs in a large Northern hemisphere area. We find nine dwarfs in each sample with Chandra detections. For the Virgo sample, these are in dwarf elliptical (or dwarf lenticular) galaxies and we assume that these are (mostly) low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB) [some may be nuclear sources]. We find a detection rate entirely consistent with scaling down from massive ellipticals, viz. about one bright (i.e. L X > 10 38 erg s −1 ) LMXB per 5 × 10 9 M of stars. For the field sample, we find one (known) Seyfert nucleus, in a galaxy which appears to be the lowest mass dwarf with a confirmed X-ray emitting nucleus. The other detections are in star-forming dwarf irregular or blue compact dwarf galaxies and are presumably high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXB). This time, we find a very similar detection rate to that in large late-type galaxies if we scale down by star formation rate, roughly one HMXB for a rate of 0.3 M per year. Nevertheless, there does seem to be one clear difference, in that the dwarf late-type galaxies with X-ray sources appear strongly biased to very low metallicity systems.

show abstract

Section: Vcc 1355supporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Vcc 1431supporting

confidence: 85%

See 1 more Smart Citation

X-ray sources in dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster and the nearby field

Papadopoulou

Phillipps

Young

2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Heckman et al 2004;Hickox et al 2009;Aird et al 2012;Bongiorno et al 2012), down to accretion rates well below 0.01(e.g. Soria et al 2006;Ho 2008;Gallo et al 2010;Miller et al 2012). A different definition of an active BH will naturally result in a different active BHMF (Goulding et al 2010).…”

Section: The Mass-luminosity Planementioning

confidence: 99%

The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1 <z <2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS

Schulze

Bongiorno

Gavignaud

et al. 2015

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

100

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a census of the active black hole population at 1 < z < 2, by constructing the bivariate distribution function of black hole mass and Eddington ratio, employing a maximum likelihood fitting technique. The study of the active black hole mass function (BHMF) and the Eddington ratio distribution function (ERDF) allows us to clearly disentangle the active galactic nuclei (AGN) downsizing phenomenon, present in the AGN luminosity function, into its physical processes of black hole mass downsizing and accretion rate evolution. We are utilizing type-1 AGN samples from three optical surveys (VVDS, zCOSMOS and SDSS), that cover a wide range of 3 dex in luminosity over our redshift interval of interest. We investigate the cosmic evolution of the AGN population as a function of AGN luminosity, black hole mass and accretion rate. Compared to z = 0, we find a distinct change in the shape of the BHMF and the ERDF, consistent with downsizing in black hole mass. The active fraction or duty cycle of type-1 AGN at z ∼ 1.5 is almost flat as a function of black hole mass, while it shows a strong decrease with increasing mass at z = 0. We are witnessing a phase of intense black hole growth, which is largely driven by the onset of AGN activity in massive black holes towards z = 2. We finally compare our results to numerical simulations and semi-empirical models and while we find reasonable agreement over certain parameter ranges, we highlight the need to refine these models in order to match our observations.

show abstract

“…The calibrated science frames are combined into the final data cube in the second step. This includes the process of flux calibration, sky subtraction adopting a model sky spectrum computed from the sky field, astrometric registration, correction for differential atmospheric refraction, and resampling of the data cube based on the drizzle algorithm (see Weilbacher et al 2012 Gallo et al 2010), and classified as a barred S0 (lenticular) galaxy (Buta et al 2015). Buta et al also mention that NGC 4371 has a nuclear ring, a barlens, an inner ring (i.e.…”

Section: Observations and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MUSE tells the story of NGC 4371: The dawning of secular evolution

Gadotti¹,

Seidel²,

Sánchez‐Blázquez³

et al. 2015

A&A

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We use data from the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE), recently commissioned at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), to study the kinematics and stellar population content of NGC 4371, an early-type massive barred galaxy in the core of the Virgo cluster. We integrate this study with a detailed structural analysis using imaging data from the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes, which allows us to perform a thorough investigation of the physical properties of the galaxy. We show that the rotationally supported inner components in NGC 4371, i.e. an inner disc and a nuclear ring -which, according to the predominant scenario, are built with stars formed from gas brought to the inner region by the bar -are vastly dominated by stars older than 10 Gyr. Our results thus indicate that the formation of the bar occurred at a redshift of about z = 1.8 +0.5 −0.4 (error bars are derived from 100 Monte Carlo realisations). NGC 4371 thus testifies to the robustness of bars. In addition, the mean stellar age of the portion of the major disc of the galaxy that is covered by our MUSE data is above 7 Gyr with a small contribution from younger stars. This suggests that the quenching of star formation in NGC 4371, which is very likely an environmental effect, was already occurring at a redshift of about z = 0.8 +0.2 −0.1 . Our results suggest that bar-driven secular evolution processes may have an extended impact on the evolution of galaxies, and thus on the properties of galaxies as observed today, and not necessarily be restricted to more recent cosmic epochs.

show abstract

Amuse-Virgo. Ii. Down-Sizing in Black Hole Accretion

Cited by 119 publications

References 104 publications

X-ray sources in dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster and the nearby field

X-ray sources in dwarf galaxies in the Virgo cluster and the nearby field

The cosmic growth of the active black hole population at 1 <z <2 in zCOSMOS, VVDS and SDSS

MUSE tells the story of NGC 4371: The dawning of secular evolution

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About