Amplitude of Accommodation in Type 1 Diabetes

Adnan, Md.; Efron, Nathan; Mathur, Ankit; Edwards, Katie; Pritchard, Nicola; Suheimat, Marwan; Atchison, David A.

doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15376

Cited by 32 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We have previously demonstrated a lower amplitude of accommodation in people with Type 1 diabetes compared with age‐matched people without diabetes (Fig. ) and also showed that people with diabetes become presbyopic 3 to 5 years earlier .…”

Section: Amplitude Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…A lower amplitude of accommodation can occur in people with, compared to people without diabetes. Indeed diabetes duration is as important as age in reducing the amplitude of accommodation . Mäntyjärvi and Nousiainen studied the subjective amplitude of accommodation in school children with Type 1 diabetes and found ~1.9 D less amplitude of accommodation compared with children without diabetes.…”

Section: Amplitude Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Objectively measured amplitude of accommodation as a function of age in people with and without Type 1 diabetes (reproduced from Adnan et al[52]). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual complications in diabetes mellitus: beyond retinopathy

et al. 2016

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Diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of vision loss in people with diabetes mellitus; however, other causes of visual impairment/loss include other retinal and non-retinal visual problems, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy and cataracts. Additionally, when a person with diabetes complains of visual disturbance despite a visual acuity of 6/6, abnormalities in refraction, contrast sensitivity, straylight and amplitude of accommodation should be considered. We review and highlight these visual problems for physicians who manage people with diabetes to ensure timely referral and treatment to limit visual disability, which can have a significant impact on daily living, especially for those participating in sports and driving.

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Section: Amplitude Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Amplitude Of Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual complications in diabetes mellitus: beyond retinopathy

et al. 2016

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“…We have previously reported ocular biometry and amplitude of accommodation of a group of people with type 1 diabetes (DM1) in comparison with controls [1,2]. Generally, the eyes of people with DM1 behaved liked aged versions of eyes of people without diabetes, although there were no accelerated rates of change of parameters with age compared with the controls.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straylight, lens yellowing and aberrations of eyes in Type 1 diabetes

Adnan

Suheimat

Mathur

et al. 2015

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Straylight, lens yellowing and ocular aberrations were assessed in a group of people with type 1 diabetes and in an age matched control group. Most of the former had low levels of neuropathy. Relative to the control group, the type 1 diabetes group demonstrated greater straylight, greater lens yellowing, and differences in some higher-order aberration co-efficients without significant increase in root-mean-square higher-order aberrations. Differences between groups did not increase significantly with age. The results are similar to the findings for ocular biometry reported previously for this group of participants, and suggest that age-related changes in the optics of the eyes of people with well-controlled diabetes need not be accelerated.

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“…Stating ''any change in accommodative amplitude induced by gravity is not clinically significant'' is true but not relevant. Also not relevant is the claim about lack of effect of gravity being found in pilots and astronauts-one referenced study did not involve accommodation 3 and two referenced studies involved astronauts 4,5 who, from their ages, would have had real amplitudes less than 4 D. 6 Augousti and Pierscionek argue that the Lenstar repeatability (given as twice the standard deviation of repeated measurements) is bigger than the effects we obtained, referencing the instrument manual as giving a standard deviation for repeatability of 0.04 mm. 7 This is an intrasession repeatability, rather than an intersession repeatability, which is the relevant repeatability when considering whether the effects found by us are real.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Author Response: Gravity Affects Amplitude of Accommodation

Atchison

Lister

Suheimat

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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did not investigate the effect of gravity on amplitude of accommodation. Nevertheless, it is a logical conclusion of our results that gravity affects amplitude. The effect would be small, with a mean reduction in anterior chamber depth of 0.07 mm for the young group for the drug/maximum accommodation condition corresponding to 0.14 D if applied to the 10.9 D accommodating form of the Gullstrand exact eye. Stating ''any change in accommodative amplitude induced by gravity is not clinically significant'' is true but not relevant. Also not relevant is the claim about lack of effect of gravity being found in pilots and astronauts-one referenced study did not involve accommodation 3 and two referenced studies involved astronauts 4,5 who, from their ages, would have had real amplitudes less than 4 D. 6 Augousti and Pierscionek argue that the Lenstar repeatability (given as twice the standard deviation of repeated measurements) is bigger than the effects we obtained, referencing the instrument manual as giving a standard deviation for repeatability of 0.04 mm. 7 This is an intrasession repeatability, rather than an intersession repeatability, which is the relevant repeatability when considering whether the effects found by us are real. Buckhurst et al. 8 found an intrasession standard deviation for anterior chamber depth of 0.051 mm, similar to that given in the manual, but a much smaller intersession standard deviation of 0.013 mm, which is small compared with the effects we found. Also relevant here is the point in our other author reply 9 that our results were always in the direction supporting the effect of gravity on anterior chamber depth.While giving references that are intended to help refute our results, Augousti and Pierscionek disregard studies referenced by us that support the effect of gravity on amplitude of accommodation.In summary, our study indicates that there should be small effects of gravity on amplitude of accommodation. It provides yet more support for the Helmholtz theory that accommodation is produced by ciliary muscle contraction relaxing zonular tension and enabling the lens to reduce in diameter and take up a more rounded form.

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Amplitude of Accommodation in Type 1 Diabetes

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Visual complications in diabetes mellitus: beyond retinopathy

Visual complications in diabetes mellitus: beyond retinopathy

Straylight, lens yellowing and aberrations of eyes in Type 1 diabetes

Author Response: Gravity Affects Amplitude of Accommodation

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