Amplitude-based optimal respiratory gating in positron emission tomography in patients with primary lung cancer

Grootjans, Willem; Geus-Oei, Lioe-Fee de; Meeuwis, Antoi P.W.; Vos, Charlotte S. van der; Gotthardt, Martin; Oyen, Wim J.G.; Visser, Eric P.

doi:10.1007/s00330-014-3362-z

Cited by 53 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The amount of administered 18 F-FDG was adjusted to each patient's weight (3.2 6 0.3 MBq/kg). Full details on image acquisition and reconstruction have been described previously (12,16). In short, imaging of the thorax and upper abdomen was performed in list mode at 6 min per bed position, and the respiratory signal was obtained using an AZ-733V respiratory gating system (Anzai Medical Co. Ltd.).…”

Section: Image Acquisition and Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main user input for the algorithm is the percentage duty cycle-the percentage of the total acquired data used for image reconstruction (12). The optimalrespiratory-gating images were reconstructed with a duty cycle of 35% (ORG 35% ), which was previously found to provide the best balance between image quality and motion rejection (12). Nongated images equivalent in statistical quality to the ORG 35% images were reconstructed using the first 126 s (35%) of the acquired PET data (NG 35% ).…”

Section: Respiratory Gatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The lesions were categorized as being located in the upper lung lobes, in the middle and lower lung lobes, or centrally in the lung hilum or mediastinum (12). Given that the absolute and particular spatial distribution of 18 F-FDG uptake can differ for different histologic subtypes (19), we compared 3 types of lung cancer: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and small cell lung carcinoma.…”

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accuracy and robustness of these measurements is related to the PET acquisition and reconstruction protocols, as well as variability in patient physiology. In particular, blurring of PET images due to respiratory motion can significantly influence quantification of lung lesions (12,13). In addition, PET textural parameters can be sensitive to variations in statistical quality and to normal stochastic variations in images (14).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

et al. 2016

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Accurate measurement of intratumor heterogeneity using parameters of texture on PET images is essential for precise characterization of cancer lesions. In this study, we investigated the influence of respiratory motion and varying noise levels on quantification of textural parameters in patients with lung cancer. Methods: We used an optimal-respiratory-gating algorithm on the list-mode data of 60 lung cancer patients who underwent 18 F-FDG PET. The images were reconstructed using a duty cycle of 35% (percentage of the total acquired PET data). In addition, nongated images of varying statistical quality (using 35% and 100% of the PET data) were reconstructed to investigate the effects of image noise. Several global image-derived indices and textural parameters (entropy, high-intensity emphasis, zone percentage, and dissimilarity) that have been associated with patient outcome were calculated. The clinical impact of optimal respiratory gating and image noise on assessment of intratumor heterogeneity was evaluated using Cox regression models, with overall survival as the outcome measure. The threshold for statistical significance was adjusted for multiple comparisons using Bonferroni correction. Results: In the lower lung lobes, respiratory motion significantly affected quantification of intratumor heterogeneity for all textural parameters (P , 0.007) except entropy (P . 0.007). The mean increase in entropy, dissimilarity, zone percentage, and high-intensity emphasis was 1.3% ± 1.5% (P 5 0.02), 11.6% ± 11.8% (P 5 0.006), 2.3% ± 2.2% (P 5 0.002), and 16.8% ± 17.2% (P 5 0.006), respectively. No significant differences were observed for lesions in the upper lung lobes (P . 0.007). Differences in the statistical quality of the PET images affected the textural parameters less than respiratory motion, with no significant difference observed. The median follow-up time was 35 mo (range, 7-39 mo). In multivariate analysis for overall survival, total lesion glycolysis and high-intensity emphasis were the two most relevant image-derived indices and were considered to be independent significant covariates for the model regardless of the image type considered. Conclusion: The tested textural parameters are robust in the presence of respiratory motion artifacts and varying levels of image noise.

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Section: Image Acquisition and Reconstructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respiratory Gatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

et al. 2016

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“…However, as mentioned above, respiratory motion during PET image quantification can introduce image misregistration errors, and if uncorrected images are acquired, such errors may eventually hinder adequate patient management [10]. As a combined treatment strategy with functional information provided by PET imaging, correction of PET images for respiratory motion artifacts may increase the efficacy of individually tailored therapy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Respiratory-Gated FMISO-PET/CT for the Quantitative Evaluation of Hypoxia in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Watanabe

Hirata

Okamoto

et al. 2016

Perspectives on Nuclear Medicine for Molecular Diagnosis and Integrated Therapy

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Hypoxia is present in various solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis. 18 F-Fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) is a major PET tracer for hypoxia imaging. Previous studies have evaluated the potential role of FMISO-PET as a prognostic tool and assessed tumor reoxygenation following nonsurgical treatment in NSCLC. However, for cancers located in the thorax or abdomen, the patient's breathing causes motion artifacts and misregistration between PET and CT images. PET/CT with the respiratory-gating technique improves the measurement of lesion uptake and tumor volume. We investigated the usefulness of respiratory gating for FMISO-PET/CT-based quantification of hypoxia. Among the 14 patients examined, hypoxia was observed in three patients with non-gated acquisition and in five patients with respiratory gating. The SUVmax, tumor-to-muscle ratio, tumor-to-blood ratio, and hypoxic volume were statistically significantly higher in respiratory-gated (RG) images than in non-respiratory-gated (NG) images. RG FMISO-PET/CT may be useful for the accurate quantification of hypoxia.Keywords Non-small cell lung cancer • Hypoxia • FMISO • Respiratory gating BackgroundLung cancer is one of the most common cancers and is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although survival rates have improved in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the long-term outcome remains poor compared with other cancers. Locoregional failure is not rare, particularly after chemoradiotherapy, and may be attributed to intrinsic tumor resistance to radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy

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Technical note: Respiratory impacts on static and respiratory gated ^99mTc‐MAA SPECT/CT for liver radioembolization: A simulation study

et al. 2022

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Purpose We aimed to evaluate respiratory impacts on static and respiratory gated (RG) 99mTc‐MAA SPECT in terms of respiratory motion (RM) blur, attenuation correction (AC), and volume‐of‐interest (VOI) segmentation on lung shunt faction (LSF) and tumor‐to‐normal liver ratio (TNR) estimation for liver radioembolization therapy planning. Methods The XCAT phantom was used to simulate a population of 300 phantoms, modeling various anatomical variations, tumor characteristics, RM amplitudes, LSFs, and TNRs. One hundred and twenty noisy projections of average activity maps near end‐expiration (End‐EX) and whole respiratory cycle were simulated analytically, modeling attenuation and geometric collimator‐detector‐response (GCDR). The OS‐EM algorithm was employed for reconstruction, modeling AC, and GCDR. RM effect was evaluated for static SPECT, while AC and VOI mismatch effects were investigated independently and together for static and RG SPECT utilizing one gate, that is, End‐EX. LSF and TNR errors were measured based on the ground truth. Lesions with different characteristics were also investigated for static and RG SPECT. Results RM overestimates LSF and underestimates TNR. The VOI mismatch caused the largest errors in both RG and static SPECT for LSF and TNR estimation, reaching 160% and −52% correspondingly with extremely mismatched VOIs for RG SPECT, even larger than those for static SPECT. With matched AC and VOIs, RG SPECT has better performance than static SPECT. Larger TNR errors are associated with tumors of smaller sizes and higher TNR for static SPECT. Conclusions The VOI segmentation mismatch has a stronger impact, followed by RM and AC in static 99mTc‐MAA SPECT/CT. This effect is more pronounced for RG SPECT. When VOI masks are derived from a matched CT, RG SPECT is generally superior to static SPECT for LSF and TNR estimation. The performance of RG SPECT could be worse than static SPECT when a mismatched CT is used for segmentation.

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Amplitude-based optimal respiratory gating in positron emission tomography in patients with primary lung cancer

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

Impact of Respiratory-Gated FMISO-PET/CT for the Quantitative Evaluation of Hypoxia in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Technical note: Respiratory impacts on static and respiratory gated ^99mTc‐MAA SPECT/CT for liver radioembolization: A simulation study

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Amplitude-based optimal respiratory gating in positron emission tomography in patients with primary lung cancer

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on 18F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on 18F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

Impact of Respiratory-Gated FMISO-PET/CT for the Quantitative Evaluation of Hypoxia in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Technical note: Respiratory impacts on static and respiratory gated 99mTc‐MAA SPECT/CT for liver radioembolization: A simulation study

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The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

The Impact of Optimal Respiratory Gating and Image Noise on Evaluation of Intratumor Heterogeneity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET Imaging of Lung Cancer

Technical note: Respiratory impacts on static and respiratory gated ^99mTc‐MAA SPECT/CT for liver radioembolization: A simulation study