Amplifying cancer treatment: advances in tumor immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based hyperthermia

Abstract

In the quest for cancer treatment modalities with greater effectiveness, the combination of tumor immunotherapy and nanoparticle-based hyperthermia has emerged as a promising frontier. The present article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances and cutting-edge research in this burgeoning field and examines how these two treatment strategies can be effectively integrated. Tumor immunotherapy, which harnesses the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells, has shown considerable promise. Concurrently, nanoparticle-based hyperthermia, which utilizes nanotechnology to promote selective cell death by raising the temperature of tumor cells, has emerged as an innovative therapeutic approach. While both strategies have individually shown potential, combination of the two modalities may amplify anti-tumor responses, with improved outcomes and reduced side effects. Key studies illustrating the synergistic effects of these two approaches are highlighted, and current challenges and future prospects in the field are discussed. As we stand on the precipice of a new era in cancer treatment, this review underscores the importance of continued research and collaboration in bringing these innovative treatments from the bench to the bedside.

Ultrasound -Induced Thermal Effect Enhances the Efficacy of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Tumor Treatment

“…The emergence of therapeutic interventions capable of inducing a transition from M2 to M1-phenotype in TAMs has been extensively reported, establishing it as a novel strategy for cancer immunotherapy. 52 The impact of US treatment on the polarization of TAMs was investigated. Tumors were collected 7 days after treatment to prepare cell suspensions for FCM analysis, aiming to determine the composition of distinct TAM phenotypes.…”

Classification and applications of nanomaterials in vitro diagnosis

“… Low detection sensitivity; poor thermotherapy specificity, expensive for commercial production, non-biodegradability, etc. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) 2–20 nm [ 42 ] Magnetic responsiveness and superparamagnetism; easy elimination from the body, mechanical and chemical stability, size uniformity. Biomarkers and biosensors, MRI, PET, fluorescence imaging, tissue repair, drug carriers, disease diagnosis and therapy.…”

“…Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are a significant form of nanoparticle with diameters ranging from 2 to 20 nm. They are typically made of pure metals (Fe, Co, Ni, and other rare earth metals) or metal-polymer mixtures [ 41 , 42 ]. Iron oxide nanoparticles have become widely used in biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and superparamagnetism.…”

Nanoparticle-Mediated Hyperthermia and Cytotoxicity Mechanisms in Cancer

“…Moreover, HT further sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy, having the advantages of minimal systemic toxicity. Some studies suggest that cancer stem cells are sensitized to radiation therapy by nanoparticle-mediated HT [ 117 ], while there is also evidence that hyperthermia can trigger immune-mediated responses in the cancer microenvironment [ 118 ].…”