Ampicillin inhibits biliary cholesterol secretion

Abstract

There are compounds, other than bile salts, which influence biliary lipid composition. For example, the organic anions, bilirubin, and BSP, are secreted into bile and depress biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion. Ampicillin is also secreted into bile, but its effects on biliary lipid secretion are unknown. Therefore we measured biliary lipid secretion before, during, and after an ampicillin infusion. We infused bile salt pool depleted rats with a constant infusion of taurocholate. After biliary lipid secretion reached a steady state, the ampicillin solution was infused in a stepwise fashion. Within minutes after starting the ampicillin, bile flow and biliary ampicillin secretion increased. Simultaneously, biliary phospholipid and cholesterol, but not bile salt, secretion decreased significantly. The calculated lithogenic index of bile decreased significantly as well. Despite doubling the ampicillin infusion, neither biliary ampicillin, phospholipid, nor cholesterol secretion changed. After discontinuation of the ampicillin, bile flow and biliary ampicillin secretion decreased, while phospholipid and cholesterol secretion returned to normal. Ampicillin dramatically influences biliary lipid composition directly. It inhibits the biliary secretion of phospholipid and cholesterol, but not bile salt, and consequently reduces the molar percentage of cholesterol in bile.

Inhibition of biliary cholesterol and phospholipid secretion by cefmetazole. The role of vesicular transport and of canalicular events

“…A similar effect has been previously reported for other organic anions such as bromosulphophthalein (Shaffer & Preshaw, 1981), ampicillin (Apstein & Russo, 1985) or cyclobutyrol . Different studies have suggested the existence of a source of biliary cholesterol that could be secreted by mechanisms relatively independent from bile acids (Barnwell et al, 1984;Rahman & Coleman, 1986).…”

“…Numerous compounds are also known to dissociate the biliary secretion of cholesterol and phospholipid from that of bile acids. Examples of these are ampicillin (Apstein & Russo, 1985;Bellringer et al, 1988b), cefoperazone (Pattinson et al, 1987), ceftriaxone (Xia et al, 1990), iodipamide (Apstein & Robbins, 1982), valproic acid (Bellringer et al, 1988a), sulphobromophthalein (Shaffer & Preshaw, 1981), bilirubin (Apstein, 1984) or cyclobutyrol .…”

Biliary Sludge: Can we Avoid Punishing Gallbladder by Srivastava Regimen of Integrated Approach of Medicine?

“…The increase in bile volume seen during an ampicillin infusion is probably the result of an osmotic choleresis. 17 In the era of traditional medicines in India, Ayurveda has very rich legacy to treat different illnesses including jaundice since thousand years. Medicinal plants with the hepatobiliary mode of action remain essential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cholestasis.…”

Influence of Dehydrocholic Acid on the Secretion of Bile Acids and Biliary Lipids in Rats

“…administration of a variety of organic an ions, that like DHCA do not form micelles and are secreted in bile, resulted in a de crease in biliary phospholipid and choles terol secretion. This was explained by an interference with the assembly of the biliary mixed micelle resulting in micelles that are low in phospholipid and cholesterol [13][14][15]. Thus, the effect of DHCA infusion on biliary lipid secretion is believed to be another ex ample of a much broader phenomenon that has been described for organic anions.…”