Amphiphilic Multicore‐Shell Particles Based on Polyphenylene Dendrimers

Abstract

Six‐arm and twelve‐arm star polymers have been synthesized by ATRP on the template of first‐ and second‐generation polyphenylene dendrimers. Star polymers with amphiphilic double‐shell of hydrophilic HEMA and styrene were also synthesized and their behavior toward different solvents was studied. The results show that the size, conformation, and surface polarity of the amphiphilic double‐shell species can be adjusted by using solvents with varying polarity. In polar media, the hydrophilic blocks turn outwards, whereas in non‐polar media, the hydrophobic segments move to the molecules' surface; the macromolecule can rearrange its structure depending on the polarity of the surrounding media.magnified image

The Rylene Colorant Family—Tailored Nanoemitters for Photonics Research and Applications

“…The number of charges was adjusted during the polymerization reaction. [190][191][192][193] The chain lengths were varied from 10 to 50 monomer units, and in this way the numbers of carboxylic acid and amino groups could be varied. In this way, macromolecules with 80-1280 polar surface groups were prepared.…”

“…This core-shell structure offers access to molecular dimensions and protects the inner chromophore, as the outer shell bears multiple amino or carboxylic acid groups (Figure 23). [190][191][192][193] These macromolecules were synthesized by atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) grafting from a fluorescent, polyphenylene macroinitiator. The number of charges was adjusted during the polymerization reaction.…”

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“…Due to the welldefined structure and relatively narrow molecular-weight distribution, block copolymers play an important role in the field of MSA. 12 Zhang and Eisenberg summarized the effects of chemical structure, hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio, concentration, temperature, and environment. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Amphiphilic block copolymers are known to self-assemble into a range of nanostructures such as micelles, cylinders, vesicles, large compound micelles, jellyfish, and worm-like structures.…”

Rylenfarbstoffe als maßgeschneiderte Nanoemitter für die Photonik

“…[185] Wie wir in den vorangegangenen Unterabschnitten gesehen haben, können durch Kombination eines hydrophoben [187,188] Das sich im Zellkern befindende Nukleosom setzt sich aus positiv geladenen Histonproteinen, die Oktamere bilden, zusammen und wird für die Aufbewahrung des genetischen Materials von der negativ geladenen DNA umwickelt. [189] [190][191][192][193] Diese Makromoleküle wurden durch Grafting-from-ATRP ausgehend von einem fluoreszierenden Polyphenylen-Makroinitiator synthetisiert. Durch Atomtransferpolymerisation (ATRP) lässt sich die Zahl der Ladungen während der Polymerisation einstellen, [190][191][192][193] und zudem können die Kettenlängen zwischen zehn und fünfzig Monomereinheiten und die Mengen der eingeführten Carbonsäure-und Aminogruppen gezielt variert werden.…”