Amphetamines for schizophrenia

S, Nolte; Wong, David T.; Latchford, Gary; Boyle, Owen; Anaenugwu, Adaeze

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004964

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In schizophrenic patients, substance use has been associated with more positive [40,[59][60][61][62][63] and negative [40,63,64] psychotic symptoms, as well as with greater cognitive deficits [63] . However, it has also been described that in schizophrenic patients, substance use is associated with less positive and especially with less negative symptoms [60,[65][66][67] . A recent meta-analysis found that substance-using schizophrenic patients exhibit lower levels of negative symptoms but higher levels of positive symptoms than non-substance-using patients [68] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathology and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Performance in Male Schizophrenic Patients: Influence of Dual Diagnosis

Rodríguez‐Jiménez

Aragüés²,

Jiménez‐Arriero³

et al. 2007

Psychopathology

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Background: Different neuropsychological studies have shown schizophrenic patients to have executive function deficits, as illustrated by their performance in neuropsychological tasks such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST); certain studies have described a relationship between these deficits and negative symptoms. Schizophrenic patients also exhibit a high lifetime prevalence (40–50%) of comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs). However, little attention has been paid to this comorbidity (dual diagnosis) in studies associating executive functions and negative symptoms. Sampling and Methods: Our objective is to investigate the relationship between performance in the WCST and psychopathology as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in a sample of 65 male schizophrenic patients with a history of SUDs (Sch SUD+) and in a sample of 48 male schizophrenic patients without such history (Sch SUD–). Results: In the Sch SUD– group, patients who completed 4 or more categories in the WCST (‘good performers’) obtained a mean score of 21.2 ± 8.8 on the negative subscale of the PANSS, compared with a mean score of 27.8 ± 8.6 in those who completed 3 or less (‘poor performers’); these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.015). In the Sch SUD+ group, however, no association was found between WCST performance and the PANSS negative subscale score. Conclusions: The presence of a history of comorbid SUDs should be taken into consideration in studies investigating executive functions and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychopathology and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Performance in Male Schizophrenic Patients: Influence of Dual Diagnosis

Rodríguez‐Jiménez

Aragüés²,

Jiménez‐Arriero³

et al. 2007

Psychopathology

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“…Functional neuroimaging studies have revealed a relationship between abnormal availability (either increased or decreased) of cortical D1 receptors and severity of negative symptoms in schizophrenia [127][128][129]. Furthermore, dopamine-enhancing drugs such as amphetamines [130] or apomorphine [131] have been found to increase metabolism in the cerebellum and striatum and to ameliorate negative symptoms. In addition, an amphetamine challenge study using SPECT reported a positive association between negative symptoms and baseline iodobenzamide (IBZM) binding, indicating dopamine hypofunction in patients with negative symptoms [132].…”

Section: Dopamine and Broadly Defined Negative Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobiological background of negative symptoms

Galderisi

Merlotti

Mucci

2015

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Studies investigating neurobiological bases of negative symptoms of schizophrenia failed to provide consistent findings, possibly due to the heterogeneity of this psychopathological construct. We tried to review the findings published to date investigating neurobiological abnormalities after reducing the heterogeneity of the negative symptoms construct. The literature in electronic databases as well as citations and major articles are reviewed with respect to the phenomenology, pathology, genetics and neurobiology of schizophrenia. We searched PubMed with the keywords "negative symptoms," "deficit schizophrenia," "persistent negative symptoms," "neurotransmissions," "neuroimaging" and "genetic." Additional articles were identified by manually checking the reference lists of the relevant publications. Publications in English were considered, and unpublished studies, conference abstracts and poster presentations were not included. Structural and functional imaging studies addressed the issue of neurobiological background of negative symptoms from several perspectives (considering them as a unitary construct, focusing on primary and/or persistent negative symptoms and, more recently, clustering them into factors), but produced discrepant findings. The examined studies provided evidence suggesting that even primary and persistent negative symptoms include different psychopathological constructs, probably reflecting the dysfunction of different neurobiological substrates. Furthermore, they suggest that complex alterations in multiple neurotransmitter systems and genetic variants might influence the expression of negative symptoms in schizophrenia. On the whole, the reviewed findings, representing the distillation of a large body of disparate data, suggest that further deconstruction of negative symptomatology into more elementary components is needed to gain insight into underlying neurobiological mechanisms.

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“…36 The prevalence of amphetamine use varies according to studies, between 10% and 65%. 3,37 The use of amphetamines, especially methamphetamine, can cause a psychosis with features similar to those of schizophrenia, with formal thought disorders and cognitive impairment and level of care. 38 Less frequently described negative symptoms, being more unusual to observe, are affective flattening or alogia.…”

Section: Schizophrenia and Consumption Of Central Nervous System Stimmentioning

confidence: 99%