Amperometric micro-immunosensor for the detection of tumor biomarker

Electrochemical immunoassay for human chorionic gonadotrophin based on Pt hollow nanospheres and silver/titanium dioxide nanocomposite matrix

“…After immunoreaction, the peak current intensity of the immunosensor decreased because of the immunocomplex inhibiting the access of redox probe to the electrode. 24,25 Following this, a plot of peak current versus concentration of HCG was made.…”

Ultrasensitive SERS detection of VEGF based on a self-assembled Ag ornamented–AU pyramid superstructure

“…Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical growth regulator of both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. VEGF stimulates early embryogenesis through vasculogenesis (Freeman et al, 2012) and angiogenesis (Augustin et al, 2009), and plays a crucial role in many diseases, such as lung cancer (Kaya et al, 2004), breast cancer (Carmeliet and Jain, 2000), colorectal cancer (Rugo, 2004), psoriasis (Crawshaw et al, 2012;Prabhulkar et al, 2009), proliferating retinopathy (Ray et al, 2004) and rheumatoid arthritis (Nakahara et al, 2003;Strunk et al, 2013). In addition, VEGF is also germane to age-related macular degeneration (Wang and Si, 2013).…”

Detection of single tumor cell resistance with aptamer biochip

“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (3), flow cytometry (4), optical tweezers (5), capillary electrophoresis (6) and dielectrophoresis (DEP) (7) have proven to be the methods of choice for the quantitative analysis of cell populations. Moreover, electrical impedance spectroscopy is also a common tool for cell counting and analysis (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) due to its rapid speed, low cost and high sensitivity. However, most of these approaches are used for a rough estimate of cell numbers since the changes in cell suspension concentration and impedance measurements are proportional.…”