Amperometric Gas detection: A Review

Xiong, Linhongjia; Compton, Richard G.

doi:10.1016/s1452-3981(23)10957-6

Cited by 106 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Amperometric sensors are amongst the most widely used technologies for the detection of gaseous analytes in environmental [1][2][3][4][5] and industrial safety applications. [6,7] They show a number of favourable performance characteristics: linearity, dynamic range, low cost, low power consumption and simplicity of operation. Alternative technologies based on spectroscopic or solid-state electronic devices have higher power consumption because of the requirements of the light source or the need for on-chip heating of the oxide semiconductor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative technologies based on spectroscopic or solid-state electronic devices have higher power consumption because of the requirements of the light source or the need for on-chip heating of the oxide semiconductor. [7,8] These characteristics and their portability make amperometric devices the dominant choice for workers in confined spaces and domestic carbon monoxide detection. They also find use in unmanned aerial vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Amperometric devices are now available for a wide range of analytes (including, but not limited to CO, NO 2 , SO 2 , H 2 S, HCN, O 2 , Cl 2 ), however imperfect selectivity compared to other technologies remains an issue. [7] Finally, membrane-based gas sensors for blood-gas determination in a clinical setting are wellestablished. [14,15] Figure 1 shows a schematic of the construction of a typical amperometric gas sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion Models of Mass Transport for the Characterisation of Amperometric Gas Sensors

Saunders,

Mudashiru,

Baron

et al. 2024

ChemElectroChem

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A diffusion model for the analysis of chronoamperometric data in response to a concentration step is developed for amperometric gas sensors. This analysis avoids the difficulties with standard potentiodynamic measurements at the large specific area, high capacitance electrodes employed in these sensors. Despite the fact that typical devices comprise multiple layers with varying thicknesses and diffusivities, we show that typical chronoamperometric traces can be fitted to a simple diffusion model with a single parameter where L is an overall effective thickness of the diffusion barrier and D is an effective diffusion coefficient. Through a comparison of the transient and steady‐state current, independent estimates of L and D in the devices can be made. The model is also extended to cover cases with interfacial kinetic barriers; such kinetic limitations lead to a change in the effective values L and D, but the simple diffusion model remains a good fit to the data. This analysis shows that transient sensor responses can be characterised by a single parameter τ and conversely that deviations from this regression model cannot be assigned to (i) complex layer architectures or (ii) interlayer kinetic barriers. Instead, we show that non‐uniform accessibility effects arising from a distribution of diffusion rates across the device lead to deviations from the simple regression model, but that they may be captured approximately by a more complex model in which τ has a probability distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diffusion Models of Mass Transport for the Characterisation of Amperometric Gas Sensors

Saunders,

Mudashiru,

Baron

et al. 2024

ChemElectroChem

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“…Electroanalytical sensors based on current measurements seem to be particularly attractive for tackling the problem of analyte detection even at low concentration levels, thanks to both their inherent high sensitivity and good selectivity [8]. Moreover, they can be performed by simple portable and low‐cost instrumentation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amperometric Detection of Ethanol Vapors by Screen Printed Electrodes Modified by Paper Crowns Soaked with Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

et al. 2022

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A convenient assembly recently proposed for screen printed gold electrodes (SPEs) suitable for measurements in gaseous samples is here tested for the analysis of the ethanol content in alcoholic drinks. This assembly involves the use of a circular crown of filter paper, soaked in the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, which is simply placed upon a disposable screen printed cell, so as to contact the outer edge of the gold disc working electrode, as well as peripheral counter and reference electrodes. The electrical contact between the paper crown soaked in RTIL and the SPE electrode is assured by a gasket and all components are installed in a polylactic acid holder. This assembly provides a portable and disposable electrochemical platform, assembled by the easy immobilization onto a porous and inexpensive supporting material such as paper of a RTIL characterized by profitable electrical conductivity and negligible vapor pressure. The electroanalytical performance of this device was assayed for the flow injection analysis of the ethanol concentration in some real samples of wine and beer and the results obtained are compared with the alcoholic degree reported in the relevant bottle‐labels, thus highlighting a substantially satisfactory agreement. Repeatable sharp peaks (RSD=6–8 %) were detected for ethanol over a wide linear range (1–20 % v/v in water) and a detection and quantitation limit of 0.55 % v/v and 1.60 % v/v were inferred for a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3 and 10, respectively.

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“…Electrochemical gas sensors provide high sensitivity at a low cost. 17 Moreover, they can be developed in a portable form factor by miniaturizing the electrodes and using a portable potentiostat with very low power consumption. 18 Various materials have been employed as the transducer component in electrochemical sensors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Liquid-Packed Microfluidic Device with Non-Planar Microelectrode as a Miniaturized Electrochemical Gas Sensor

Kaaliveetil

Lee

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Integrating transducer/sensing materials into microfluidic platforms has enhanced gas sensors' sensitivity, selectivity, and response time while facilitating miniaturization. In this manuscript, microfluidics has been integrated with non-planar microelectrode array and functionalized ionic liquids (ILs) to develop a novel miniaturized electrochemical gas sensor architecture. The sensor employs the IL 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 2-cyanopyrolide ([EMIM][2-CNpyr]) as the electrolyte and capture molecule for detecting carbon dioxide (CO2 ). The three-layer architecture of the sensor consists of a microchannel with the IL sandwiched between glass slides containing microelectrode arrays, forming a non-planar structure. This design facilitates electric field penetration through the IL, capturing CO2 binding perturbations throughout the channel volume to enhance sensitivity. CO 2 binding with [EMIM][2-CNpyr] generates carboxylate ([EMIM]+ -CO2- ]), carbamate ([2-CNpyr]-CO2- ]), and pyrrole-2-carbonitrile (2CNpyrH) species, significantly decreasing the conductivity. The viscosity is also increased, leading to a further decrease in conductivity. These cumulative effects increase charge transfer resistance in the impedance spectrum, allowing a linear calibration curve obtained using Langmuir Isotherm. The sensitivity and reproducibility in CO2 detection are demonstrated by two electrode configurations using the calibration curve. The developed sensor offers a versatile platform for future applications.

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Amperometric Gas detection: A Review

Cited by 106 publications

References 156 publications

Diffusion Models of Mass Transport for the Characterisation of Amperometric Gas Sensors

Diffusion Models of Mass Transport for the Characterisation of Amperometric Gas Sensors

Amperometric Detection of Ethanol Vapors by Screen Printed Electrodes Modified by Paper Crowns Soaked with Room Temperature Ionic Liquids

Ionic Liquid-Packed Microfluidic Device with Non-Planar Microelectrode as a Miniaturized Electrochemical Gas Sensor

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