&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Evaluation of two-wheel tractor attached seeders used in conservation agriculture systems of Ethiopia&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

Awoke, Bisrat G.; Baudron, Frédéric; Antille, Diogenes L.; Kebede, Laike; Anawte, Dereje A.; Tikuneh, Desseye B.; Aikins, Kojo Atta

doi:10.13031/aim.202000334

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The scope for two-wheel tractors widens significantly where power-saving farming practices such as Conservation Agriculture are used (Awoke et al. , 2020; Baudron et al. , 2015, 2019b) and the scope for four-wheel tractors widens where affordable and reliable asset-sharing arrangements can be set up.…”

Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Four-wheel tractors have a comparative advantage where farms are large and where two-wheel tractors lack the power to plough under rainfed conditions on more heavy soils and in areas where there is high climate variability and unpredictable rainfall patterns. The scope for two-wheel tractors widens significantly where power-saving farming practices such as Conservation Agriculture are used (Awoke et al, 2020;Baudron et al, 2015Baudron et al, , 2019b and the scope for four-wheel tractors widens where affordable and reliable asset-sharing arrangements can be set up. Mechanization service markets are on the rise across various African countries (Adu-Baffour et al, 2019;Berhane et al, 2020;Cabral and Anamor, 2022;Daum and Birner, 2017;Takeshima and Lawal, 2020), and digital technologies such as Uber-type solutions may facilitate them .…”

Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Daum¹,

Seidel²,

Awoke³

et al. 2023

Ex. Agric.

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Summary Farm mechanization promises to help raise labor productivity and reduce the heavy toil of farming on the world’s millions of smallholder farms, hence contributing to socioeconomic development in the Global South, in particular in Africa. While mechanization is therefore high on the African development agenda, there are heavy – at times dogmatic – debates on which technological pathway toward farm mechanization – animal traction, two-wheel tractors, and four-wheel tractors – should be supported by African governments and development partners. One discussion area relates to the future of animal traction. Proponents see a continued scope for the use of draught animals, whereas opponents see animal traction as old-fashioned and see a potential to leapfrog this mechanization stage. There are also debates on the potential of two-wheel tractors, with proponents arguing that such walk-behind tractors are more affordable and suitable for smallholder farmers, and opponents believing that such tractors lack efficiency and power and still come with a high drudgery. This paper argues that there are no blueprint answers on which technological pathway is ‘best’ but only answers on which one ‘best fits’ the respective conditions. Based on this premise, this paper introduces a ‘best-fit’ framework that allows for assessing the comparative advantages and disadvantages of the three technological pathways in different agroecological and socioeconomic conditions. The results suggest that all three forms of mechanization are associated with areas where they ‘best fit’. All three farm mechanization pathways hinge on public policies and investments to create an enabling environment for private markets, as, ultimately, innovation processes should be market driven. The ‘best-fit’ framework enables governments and development partners to focus efforts to support farm mechanization on solutions that ‘best fit’ their country’s farming systems and not on those that are politically most attractive, thereby contributing to sustainable agricultural mechanization and development.

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Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Daum¹,

Seidel²,

Awoke³

et al. 2023

Ex. Agric.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Four-wheel tractors have a comparative advantage where farms are large and where two-wheel tractors lack the power to plough under rainfed conditions on more heavy soils and in areas where there is high climate variability and unpredictable rainfall patterns. The scope for two-wheel tractors widens significantly where power-saving farming practices such as Conservation Agriculture are used (Awoke et al, 2020;Baudron et al, 2015;Baudron et al, 2019b) and the scope for four-wheel tractors widens where affordable and reliable asset-sharing arrangments can be set up. Mechanization service markets are on the rise across various African countries (Adu-Baffour et al, 2019;Berhane et al, 2020;Cabral & Anamor, 2021;Daum & Birner, 2017;Takeshima & Lawal, 2020), and digital technologies such as Uber-type solutions may facilitate them .…”

Section: Discussion and Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Daum

Seidel²,

Getnet

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

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“…These variables are assumed to be less affected by the household's inclusion into PW (CCT) and CBHI enrolment to meet the ignorability assumption. The selection of the variables in the estimation of the probability of membership in CBHI and inclusion in CCT was guided by theory and similar past studies on enrollment in CBHI [56][57][58][59] and food security [60,61]. Further, based on the program implementation manual [15], the contextual factors related to targeting the CCT were also controlled.…”

Section: Covariate Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining social protection interventions for better food security: Evidence from female-headed households in Amhara region, Ethiopia

Mussa,

Agegnehu,

Nshakira-Rukundo

2024

PLoS ONE

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Ethiopia introduced its flagship poverty-targeted social protection program, the Productive safety net program (PSNP), in 2005 and Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) in 2011. Although both programs operate in several districts with some overlaps, evidence is scarce on how these large-scale programs jointly affect the food security of vulnerable groups. This study examines the impacts of a combination of these programs on food security outcomes among female-headed households in a chronically food-insecure and drought-prone district. Cross-sectional data were collected from 365 female-headed households selected through multi-stage sampling technique and analyzed using Inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) strategy to assess the effect of the programs on food security. The results show that while 63.6% of sample households are enrolled in CBHI and 48.8% are beneficiaries of PSNP’s conditional cash transfer (CCT) component, membership in both social protection programs was 38.9%. The IPWRA analysis finds that inclusion in the CCT combined with CBHI, on average, increased dietary diversity score by 0.918 (95% CI 0.779–1.057) and food consumption score by 0.576 (95% CI 0.464–0.688). It also reduced household food insecurity access scale by 8.658 (95% CI -9.775 – -7.541). In all assessments, a combination of CBHI and CCT always produced results of a larger magnitude than each of CBHI and CCT alone. The findings provide evidence of the potentials of integrating social protection programs to increase food security outcomes among the most vulnerable and marginalized groups in a developing country. In addition, the results have also useful implications to achieve sustainable development goals related to ending hunger and achieving food security among vulnerable groups.

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<i>Evaluation of two-wheel tractor attached seeders used in conservation agriculture systems of Ethiopia</i>

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Animal traction, two-wheel tractors, or four-wheel tractors? A best-fit approach to guide farm mechanization in Africa

Combining social protection interventions for better food security: Evidence from female-headed households in Amhara region, Ethiopia

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