&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Brief Communication&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;:  &amp;quot;An inventory of permafrost evidence for the European Alps&amp;quot;

Cremonese, Edoardo; Gruber, Stephan; Phillips, Marcia; Pogliotti, Paolo; Boeckli, Lorenz; Noetzli, Jeannette; Suter, C.; Bodin, Xavier; Crepaz, A.; Kellerer‐Pirklbauer, Andreas; Lang, K.; Letey, S.; Mair, Volkmar; Cella, Umberto Morra di; Ravanel, Ludovic; Scapozza, Cristian; Seppi, Roberto; Zischg, A.

doi:10.5194/tcd-5-1201-2011

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Most of the rock glacier inventories used to set up the debris model were provided by the permafrost observation collection of the project PermaNET (Cremonese et al, 2011). This collection was complemented by inventories from Switzerland published at the Seventh International Conference on Permafrost ("Yellowknife inventories"; ICP Yellowknife, Canada, 23-27 June 1998; Delaloye et al, 1998;Frauenfelder, 1998;Hoelzle, 1998;Imhof, 1998;Phillips, 1998;Reynard and Morand, 1998;Schoeneich et al, 1998) and an inventory from the Upper Engadine Switzerland (Frauenfelder et al, 2001;Frauenfelder, 2005).…”

Section: Response Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MARST data were also collected within the Project PermaNET (Cremonese et al, 2011) and include measurements from France, Italy (Pogliotti, 2006;Pogliotti et al, 2008) and Switzerland (PERMOS, 2010;Hasler et al, 2011, Fig. 1).…”

Section: Response Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We decided to use a statistical approach instead of a process-based model because of the limitations of the available calibration and validation data and the complexity of the involved processes. The presented model is based on a Alpine-wide collection of permafrost presence and absence observations (Cremonese et al, 2011). The amount and the spatial distribution of these observations lead to larger ranges in the relevant factors and thus allow new and better analysis than previously possible with regional approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A statistical permafrost distribution model for the European Alps

Boeckli¹,

Brenning²,

Gruber³

et al. 2011

Preprint

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Permafrost distribution modeling in densely populated mountain regions is an important task to support the construction of infrastructure and for the assessment of climate change effects on permafrost and related natural systems. In order to analyze permafrost distribution and evolution on an Alpine-wide scale, one consistent model for the entire domain is needed. <br><br> We present a statistical permafrost model for the entire Alps based on rock glacier inventories and rock surface temperatures. Starting from an integrated model framework, two different sub-models were developed, one for debris covered areas (debris model) and one for steep rock faces (rock model). For the debris model a generalized linear mixed-effect model (GLMM) was used to predict the probability of a rock glacier being intact as opposed to relict. The model is based on the explanatory variables mean annual air temperature (MAAT), potential incoming solar radiation (PISR) and the mean annual sum of precipitation (PRECIP), and achieves an excellent discrimination (area under the receiver-operating characteristic, AUROC = 0.91). Surprisingly, the probability of a rock glacier being intact is positively associated with increasing PRECIP for given MAAT and PISR conditions. The rock model was calibrated with mean annual rock surface temperatures (MARST) and is based on MAAT and PISR. The linear regression achieves a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.6 °C. The final model combines the two sub-models and accounts for the different scales used for model calibration. Further steps to transfer this model into a map-based product are outlined

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Section: Response Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A statistical permafrost distribution model for the European Alps

Boeckli¹,

Brenning²,

Gruber³

et al. 2011

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…This technique is especially useful for the detection of active rock glaciers on a regional scale as a basis for further, more detailed photogrammetric or field based investigations (Strozzi et al 2004). Inspections of aerial images are often incorporated in large-scale assessments of rock glacier activities, as, for example, compiled for rock glacier inventories (Lieb, 1991;Cremonese et al, 2011;Kellerer-Pirklbauer et al, 2012;Krainer and Ribis, 2012;Scotti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rock Glacier Activity Index Based on Rock Glacier Thickness Changes and Displacement Rates Derived From Airborne Laser Scanning

Bollmann

Girstmair

Mitterer

et al. 2015

Permafrost & Periglacial

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Regional assessments of whether a rock glacier is active are mainly based on expert interpretation of surface characteristics. This study presents a quantitative approach to assess rock glacier activity based on magnitudes (average and standard deviation) of rock glacier thickness changes and displacement rates calculated from repeated airborne laser scanning data. In contrast to the established three-part activity classification, the activity index ρ R indicates the degree of rock glacier activity, with values ranging between 0 (not active, because no surface changes are observed) and 1 (very active, because the highest magnitudes of surface changes are observed). The activity index values determined correspond well with the activity type determined in the Tyrolean rock glacier inventory: rock glaciers with ρ R values > 0.65 are mainly classified as active (77% active, 22% inactive, 1% relict), whereas 88 per cent of all relict rock glaciers correspond to ρ R values < 0.4. For some rock glaciers, the ρ R does not support the classification given in the Tyrolean rock glacier inventory and the activity index provides valuable information to improve and complement existing inventories. The workflow developed can be adapted to other rock glacier data-sets, allowing quantitatively comparable results to be obtained between different regions.

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“…Rock glaciers can take several thousand years to develop, so their distribution can provide information about past occurrence of permafrost and related climatological characteristics (Humlum, 1998;Konrad et al, 1999;Rode and Kellerer-Pirklbauer, 2012;Millar et al, 2015). For this reason, rock glaciers are often used for mapping past and current permafrost conditions at macroscopic scales (Barsch 1978;Brenning, 2005;Brenning and Trombotto, 2006;Cremonese et al, 2011;Bollmann et al, 2015).…”

Section: Rock Glacier: Definition and Main Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On characteristics and dynamics of water-rock glacier interactions in mountain areas (Western Italian Alps)

Colombo¹

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Permafrost degradation affects hydrochemistry of surface waters. In particular, evidence of modifications in water quality has been collected in mountain headwaters impacted by rock-glacier thawing. Rock glaciers are slowly flowing mixtures of debris and ice-rich permafrost, and can represent a reservoir of water. Melting ice inside them has been reported to affect surface water hydrochemistry, in some cases causing ecological damages. Investigating the mechanisms for this, however, requires understanding how, where and when rock glaciers and water bodies interact. Moreover, it is necessary to understand how atmospheric forcing can affect the export of physicochemical fluxes from rock glaciers. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the main driving weather-climate processes, nevertheless, they are still unclear.With these goals, hydrology and structural setting of a rock glacier-pond system located in the NW Italian Alps were elucidated using waterborne geophysics (ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography and selfpotential) and heat tracing. An integrated study of atmospheric parameters (air temperature, snow cover duration, rainfall) and physicochemical characteristics of water (water temperature as a proxy of rock-glacier discharge, stable water isotopes, major ions and trace elements) was also performed in the pond on a high-resolution temporal basis (weekly) for two consecutive ice-free seasons.The advancing movement of the investigated rock glacier has progressively filled the valley depression, creating a dam that could have modified the level of impounded water. A subsurface hydrological window connecting the rock glacier ii to the pond was also detected, where an inflow of cold underground waters from the rock glacier was observed. Here, greater water contribution from the rock glacier occurred following intense precipitation events during the ice-free season.An outflowing mechanism of the pond is hypothesised and might be associated with the presence of a subsurface seepage.An intra-seasonal behaviour of solute export from the rock glacier into the pond was found, with increasing solute export associated with higher rock-glacier hydrological contributions. The key finding was the rainfall (after snowmelt depletion) as primary driver of solute export from the rock glacier during the thawing season after warm atmospheric periods, with the flushing of solutes stored in the rock glacier.iii ContributionsIn this thesis, several collaborators helped in carrying out field and laboratory activities, and data elaboration. supervised and helped with water physicochemical analyses.

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<i>Brief Communication</i>: "An inventory of permafrost evidence for the European Alps"

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

A statistical permafrost distribution model for the European Alps

A statistical permafrost distribution model for the European Alps

A Rock Glacier Activity Index Based on Rock Glacier Thickness Changes and Displacement Rates Derived From Airborne Laser Scanning

On characteristics and dynamics of water-rock glacier interactions in mountain areas (Western Italian Alps)

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