&amp;ldquo;PGI Score&amp;rdquo;: A Simplified Three-point Prognostic Score for Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning

Pannu, Ashok Kumar; Bhalla, Ashish; Sharma, Arvind; Sharma, Navneet

doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-23555

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body temperature were meaningfully lower in the death group than in the rescue group and are consistent with other studies [16]. The history of neurological diseases has been recorded only in 13.95% of patients.…”

Section: Discussion and Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Treatment Results in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Toxicity Admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz

Jamshidi¹,

Tehrani²,

Ghorbani³

2021

PJMHS

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Introduction: Aluminum phosphide (ALP), locally known as "Rice Tablet", is a cheap and powerful pesticide used frequently to protect cereals. Cases of ALP toxicity have grown dramatically in recent decades by using it for suicide purposes. Treatment of ALP toxicity is largely supported by various remedies as there is no specific antidote. This study deals with the epidemiology of ALP toxicity in Khuzestan (Iran) and assesses the clinical and paraclinical manifestations, as well as the results of various treatments during the last 12 years. The study further examines the next suicidal intentions and subsequent complications of poisoning with ALP. Methodology: The records of all patients with ALP toxicity admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz from 2006 to 2017 were reviewed within a retrospective study. Epidemiological and demographic information, clinical and paraclinical manifestations, and the results of various treatments were extracted. Data on the subsequent complications and the next suicidal intentions in those who have survived a suicide attempt were gathered and analyzed. Results: Of the 48 patients studied, 50% were male and the mean age was 29.33±10.45. Most of the toxicities were orally and with the intention of suicide in Ahvaz and Andimeshk. A total of 71.42% of the dead have been carried to this center. The majority of cases were reported from urban areas and in August and during summer. The most prevalent clinical signs were loss of consciousness, nausea, and vomiting. There were some differences in the experimental and EKG results. A meaningful correlation was observed between the administration and/or consumption of ranitidine, NAC, and intravenous sodium bicarbonate with treatment outcomes. Only one case of reattempt to suicide has been reported, and hematuria, ascites, and pleural effusion were widely visible in survivors. Conclusion: On-call counseling may decrease the rate of mortality in dispatching patients. Clinical and paraclinical manifestations can be useful in the diagnosis or prognosis. Patients' follow-up, actions to enhance public awareness, restrictions on the distribution of ALP, and availability of alternative substances can be helpful to diminish cases of ALP toxicity and/or death. Keywords: Aluminum phosphide (ALP), Rice tablets, Poisoning, Khuzestan

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Section: Discussion and Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

The Treatment Results in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Toxicity Admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz

Jamshidi¹,

Tehrani²,

Ghorbani³

2021

PJMHS

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“…Laboratory abnormalities associated with AlP poisoning, some of which may have prognostic value, include leukopenia, leukocytosis, hyperglycemia, increased liver enzymes, increased serum creatinine, changes in serum levels of magnesium, potassium and metabolic acidosis. 9 , 36 , 37 Due to non-uniformly done laboratory investigations on the studied patients, we were not able to assess these criteria in terms of prognosis in this study. Rare case reports have been published on intravascular hemolysis after ingestion of aluminum phosphide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome of Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

Bogale¹,

Ejigu²,

Muche³

2021

OAEM

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Background Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is an effective fumigant and rodenticide which is a commonly used agent for self-poisoning in parts of Ethiopia. AlP poisoning results in serious manifestations involving many vital organs and it has high mortality. Despite its high incidence and mortality, studies on AlP poisoning in Ethiopia are lacking. Our objective was to study the clinical profile and treatment outcome of AlP poisoning in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital (FHRH), a major referral hospital in Ethiopia. Methods It is a retrospective study conducted over all consecutive AlP poisoning cases who presented to the emergency department (ED) of the hospital from March 2018 to August 2020. A questionnaire was used to collect data from patient medical records. All data were analyzed using SPSS 25. Results A total of 125 patients were studied. Females were 57.6% and males were 42.4%. Age of patients ranged from 12 to 60 with mean age 28.5 years. The average number of AlP tablets taken was 1.2 (3.6 gm) and the average time of arrival to hospital after AlP ingestion was 4.8 hours. Nausea and vomiting were the commonest presenting features seen in 74.4% of the cases followed by hypotension which was seen in half of the cases. A wide range of laboratory findings and complications were also observed. Cases of AlP poisoning with hypotension were managed in the ICU with dopamine infusion, magnesium sulphate, hydrocortisone, and calcium gluconate in addition to gastric lavage and fluid administration. Those cases without hypotension were managed with gastric lavage and maintenance fluid only. Overall mortality from AlP poisoning was 31.2%. Conclusion With a treatment protocol used in FHRH, mortality from AlP poisoning was 31.2%. Using this protocol in resource limited settings might give opportunities to reduce mortality from AlP poisoning.

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The significance of APACHE II as a predictor of mortality in paraquat poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kaur

Chandran

Rashid

et al. 2023

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine

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“PGI Score”: A Simplified Three-point Prognostic Score for Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

The Treatment Results in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Toxicity Admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz

The Treatment Results in Patients with Aluminum Phosphide Toxicity Admitted to Razi Hospital in Ahvaz

Clinical Profile and Treatment Outcome of Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

The significance of APACHE II as a predictor of mortality in paraquat poisoning: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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