Amorphous mesoporous aluminophosphate as highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification of diethyl carbonate with dimethyl carbonate

Zeolitic imidazolate framework as efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of ethyl methyl carbonate

“…Obviously, the reaction could not proceed without catalyst (Entry 1), which is in accord with the result reported by literature [8,19]. In the presence of ZIF-8, 50.7% yield of EMC was obtained (Entry 2), which is very close to the equilibrium yield of this reaction [8,19].…”

“…Note that the yield of EMC was also very low with the mixture of Zn(OH) 2 and 2-methylimidazole as catalyst (Entry 7). Jia et al demonstrated the relationship between acid-base pairs and the high catalytic activity of catalyst for the transesterification of DMC with DEC [8]. There are Zn II species as acid sites, combined with N − moieties and OH groups as basic sites in the framework of ZIF-8 [21].…”

“…Jia et al [6] reported that carbon-supported MgO (MgO/NC-2) catalysts prepared by a wet impregnation technique are efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the reaction. Palani et al [7] reported that high yield of EMC can be obtained with Al-MCM-41 or Al-Zn-MCM-41 as catalyst under 175-200 • C. Recently, Jia et al [8] found that amorphous mesoporous aluminophosphate (AlPO) shows remarkably higher activity than other solid catalysts. 47.7% conversion of DEC was achieved under desired reaction conditions (catalyst 4.8 wt%, 366 K, 0.5 h).…”

“…This route has the drawback of formation of three binary azeotropes, causing a serious difficulty in separation. EMC can also be prepared by the transesterification of DMC with diethyl carbonate (DEC) [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Because all the reaction mixtures (DEC, DMC and EMC) can be used as solvent in a nonaqueous electrolyte, the separation step can be avoided in this method.…”

Binary Mg–Fe oxide as a highly active and magnetically separable catalyst for the synthesis of ethyl methyl carbonate

“…It's worth mentioning that the TOF could be up to 170 mmol h À1 g cat À1 over MgFe-400, which was better than previously reported results to the best of our knowledge. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] If further increased the ratio of Mg and Fe to 2, the yield of EMC decreased to 39%. Obviously, the catalytic activity of binary Mg-Fe oxides was higher than that of the physical mixture, demonstrating that the integration of Mg and Fe components could remarkably enhance the catalytic activity and some synergistic effect probably occurred.…”