Amniotic Fluid Analysis in Rhesus Iso‐immunization

Rhesus haemolytic disease

“…Because the essential decision in managing pregnancy in Rh-immunized women is to select the optimal time for intervention, based on the presence, severity and likely further trend of haemolysis in the fetus as indicated by the trend of the amniotic fluid bilirubin concentration, our AL method (as originally described by Whitfield et al (1968), and subsequently extended by Whitfield et al (1970)) will be outlined.…”

Studies on Bilirubin in Amniotic Fluid: With Special Reference to Liver Function Tests

“…The direct Coombs' test was also determined from cord blood (Dade Reagents Inc., European Center, Bern, Swiltzerland). In the event of Rhesus incompatibility, a study was made also oif how the bilirulbin content of a single sample of amniotic fluid (121) and the outcome using the action line (190) correlated with the cord blood hemoglobin. The ranges of cord blood hemoglobin values used by Robertson (157) were applied as criteria of immunization.…”

“…The ranges of cord blood hemoglobin values used by Robertson (157) were applied as criteria of immunization. If the cord blood hemoglobin sample had coagulated the divi-sion into zones was performed according to Whitfield et al (190) on the basis of cord blood bilirubin.…”

“…The reliability on the fetal1 prognosis improves when amniotic fluid bilirubin determinations are performed more than once and when the trend of the deviations at different time in'tervals is takien h t o ooinsi(doration. On this bask, Whitfield et al (190) devised their action lline concept which means the line on Liley's scale at which 'interventions are necessary for care of the fetus. The line first curves fairly close to the lower border of Liley's first zone up to the 34th week, and then slopes downwards through the middle zone to reach the abscissa at the predicted time (Fig.…”