Ammonium has stronger Cd detoxification ability than nitrate by reducing Cd influx and increasing Cd fixation in Solanum nigrum L.

Zhang, Lu-Dan; Liu, Xiang; Wei, Ming; Guo, Zejun; Zhao, Zhonglong; Gao, Cong-Zhang; Li, Jing; Xu, Jian-Xin; Shen, Zhijun; Zheng, Hai-Lei

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127947

Cited by 29 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Ammonium has been shown to have a strong mitigating effect on cadmium (Cd) toxicity by increasing antioxidant activity and glutathione-ascorbate cycle efficiency in rice [121]. The higher Cd detoxification effect of NH 4 + compared to NO 3 has been demonstrated in the hyperaccumulator, Solanum nigrum L [122]. Ammonium-mediated Cd toxicity in S. nigrum has been affected through decreased absorption and accumulation of Cd via downregulation of Cd transport-related genes, increased immobilization of Cd in the cell wall of roots by binding to pectin and cell wall components, and through the upregulation of expansin, (SnExp), a gene responsible for metal tolerance.…”

Section: Ameliorated Crop Resilience To Biotic and Abiotic Stresses B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Phytotoxicity and Tolerance: An Insight into Ammonium Nutrition to Improve Crop Productivity

2023

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Ammonium sensitivity is considered a globally stressful condition that affects overall crop productivity. The major toxic symptom associated with ammonium nutrition is growth retardation, which has been associated with a high energy cost for maintaining ion, pH, and hormone homeostasis and, eventually, the NH3/NH4+ level in plant tissues. While certain species/genotypes exhibit extreme sensitivity to ammonium, other species/genotypes prefer ammonium to nitrate as a form of nitrogen. Some of the key tolerance mechanisms used by the plant to deal with NH4+ toxicity include an enhanced activity of an alternative oxidase pathway in mitochondria, greater NH4+ assimilation plus the retention of the minimum level of NH4+ in leaves, and/or poor response to extrinsic acidification or pH drop. Except for toxicity, ammonium can be considered as an energy-efficient nutrition in comparison to nitrate since it is already in a reduced form for use in amino acid metabolism. Through effective manipulation of the NH4+/NO3 ̶ ratio, ammonium nutrition can be used to increase productivity, quality, and resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses of crops. This review highlights recent advancements in ammonium toxicity and tolerance mechanisms, possible strategies to improve ammonium tolerance, and omics-based understanding of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants.

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Section: Ameliorated Crop Resilience To Biotic and Abiotic Stresses B...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonium Phytotoxicity and Tolerance: An Insight into Ammonium Nutrition to Improve Crop Productivity

2023

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“…For instance, N is a crucial nutrient element for plant growth, and its uptake, transport and accumulation in plants are correlated with nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and polypeptide transporters [ 68 , 69 ]. In the current study, a total of 7 (1 upregulated and 6 downregulated) DEGs were related to nitrate and ammonium transporters (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjoint analysis of physio-biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic reveals the response characteristics of solanum nigrum L. to cadmium stress

Wang,

Chen,

Chu

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential element in plants and has adverse effects on the growth and development of plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of Cd phytotoxicity, tolerance and accumulation in hyperaccumulators Solanum nigrum L. has not been well understood. Here, physiology, transcriptome, and metabolome analyses were conducted to investigate the influence on the S. nigrum under 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM Cd concentrations for 7 days. Pot experiments demonstrated that compared with the control, Cd treatment significantly inhibited the biomass, promoted the Cd accumulation and translocation, and disturbed the balance of mineral nutrient metabolism in S. nigrum, particularly at 100 µM Cd level. Moreover, the photosynthetic pigments contents were severely decreased, while the content of total protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, and antioxidant enzyme activities generally increased first and then slightly declined with increasing Cd concentrations, in both leaves and roots. Furthermore, combined with the previous transcriptomic data, numerous crucial coding-genes related to mineral nutrients and Cd ion transport, and the antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis were identified, and their expression pattern was regulated under different Cd stress. Simultaneously, metabolomic analyses revealed that Cd treatment significantly changed the expression level of many metabolites related to amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate, and nucleotide metabolism. Metabolic pathway analysis also showed that S. nigrum roots activated some differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) involved in energy metabolism, which may enhance the energy supply for detoxification. Importantly, central common metabolism pathways of DEGs and DEMs, including the “TCA cycle”, “glutathione metabolic pathway” and “glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism” were screened using conjoint transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. Our results provide some novel evidences on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd tolerance in hyperaccumulator S. nigrum plants.

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“…The possible mechanism could be an increase in the amount of Cd retained in the cell wall or sequestered in the vacuole, which would lead to a reduction in the amount of free Cd available for translocation to the shoot. These two strategies play a role in many plants dealing with Cd stress ( Zhou et al., 2020 ; Li et al., 2021 ; Zhang et al., 2022 ). The whole growth period experiments revealed that overexpression of GmWRKY172 in soybean reduces the Cd content in seeds and increases seed size and yield ( Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GmWRKY172 enhances cadmium tolerance in plants and reduces cadmium accumulation in soybean seeds

et al. 2023

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IntroductionCadmium (Cd) stress is a significant threat to soybean production, and enhancing Cd tolerance in soybean is the focus of this study. The WRKY transcription factor family is associated with abiotic stress response processes. In this study, we aimed to identify a Cd-responsive WRKY transcription factor GmWRKY172 from soybean and investigate its potential for enhancing Cd tolerance in soybean.MethodsThe characterization of GmWRKY172 involved analyzing its expression pattern, subcellular localization, and transcriptional activity. To assess the impact of GmWRKY172, transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean plants were generated and examined for their tolerance to Cd and Cd content in shoots. Additionally, transgenic soybean plants were evaluated for Cd translocation and various physiological stress indicators. RNA sequencing was performed to identify the potential biological pathways regulated by GmWRKY172.ResultsGmWRKY172 was significantly upregulated by Cd stress, highly expressed in leaves and flowers, and localized to the nucleus with transcriptional activity. Transgenic plants overexpressing GmWRKY172 showed enhanced Cd tolerance and reduced Cd content in shoots compared to WT. Lower Cd translocation from roots to shoots and seeds was also observed in transgenic soybean. Under Cd stress, transgenic soybean accumulated less malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) than WT plants, with higher flavonoid and lignin contents, and peroxidase (POD) activity. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that many stress-related pathways were regulated by GmWRKY172 in transgenic soybean, including flavonoid biosynthesis, cell wall synthesis, and peroxidase activity.DiscussionOur findings demonstrated that GmWRKY172 enhances Cd tolerance and reduces seed Cd accumulation in soybean by regulating multiple stress-related pathways, and could be a promising candidate for breeding Cd-tolerant and low Cd soybean varieties.

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Ammonium has stronger Cd detoxification ability than nitrate by reducing Cd influx and increasing Cd fixation in Solanum nigrum L.

Cited by 29 publications

References 85 publications

Ammonium Phytotoxicity and Tolerance: An Insight into Ammonium Nutrition to Improve Crop Productivity

Ammonium Phytotoxicity and Tolerance: An Insight into Ammonium Nutrition to Improve Crop Productivity

Conjoint analysis of physio-biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic reveals the response characteristics of solanum nigrum L. to cadmium stress

Overexpression of GmWRKY172 enhances cadmium tolerance in plants and reduces cadmium accumulation in soybean seeds

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