“…Extensive research has been conducted on NI's with several reviews on the effects of NI's on the reduction of N loss and the impact on crop production (Aulakh, Rennie, & Paul, 1984;Burzaco, Ciampitti, & Vyn, 2014;Cerrato & Blackmer, 1990;Cook et al, 2015;Fisk, Maccarone, Barton, & Murphy, 2015;Frame, 2017;Prasad, 1995;Wolt, 2004). Research on NI's has shown positive, neutral, or negative effects on grain yield (Quemada, Baranski, Nobel-de Lange, Vallejo, & Cooper, 2013;Wolt, 2004).…”