Ammonia Sensor Based on Vapor Phase Polymerized Polypyrrole

Ly, Ahmadou; Luo, Yifan; Cavaillès, Gaëtan; Olivier, Marie‐Georges; Debliquy, Marc; Lahem, Driss

doi:10.3390/chemosensors8020038

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To further improve sensor performance, many factors should be considered in future work, such as the material porosity, [32] the deposition potential, and the type of the counterion. [30,33] Figure 11 also shows that sensors with different performances are applicable in different fields of ammonia detection, spanning from industrial and daily safety (>25 ppm) to medical diagnosis (0.4-14.7 ppm). [13h,34] With a high sensitivity at low concentrations, S N-P1 shows its potential in point-of-care applications for medical diagnosis.…”

Section: Sensor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemiresistive Polymer Percolation Network Gas Sensor Created with a Nanosphere Template

Lefferts

Wang

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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different gas sensing devices including chemiresistors, [8] transistors, [9] and optical sensors. [10] Furthermore, molecular semiconductor-doped insulator heterojunctions based on small molecules have been designed to achieve stable gas detection. [11] Among various materials and device configurations, CP-based chemiresistors are regarded as one of the simplest methods of gas sensing. [12] CPs are deposited as a sensing layer during device fabrication, and interactions between the CPs and the analyte gas molecules cause changes in the electrical conductivity of the sensing layer that can be easily monitored.Sensitivity is one of the most significant parameters for the sensing performance of chemiresistors and various approaches have to date been developed to improve it. Among all the reported approaches, nanostructuring is regarded as an effective strategy because morphologies with higher surface areato-volume ratios can increase the sensitivity by improving the diffusion rate of gas molecules into and out of the CP-based sensing layers as well as providing more binding sites. To create nanostructured surfaces, CPs have in the past been fabricated through complex processes into different structures, including nanotubes, nanowires, nanoribbons, nanoparticles, and nanofibers. [13] Electrical percolation is another effective approach to improve sensitivity. [14] For CP-based chemiresistors, electrical percolation is identified by the sharp increase in conductance between two electrodes during polymer deposition. In the percolation region, a relatively small number of electrical bridges are formed between the electrodes compared with a thin film. CP-based chemiresistors based on percolation networks are more sensitive compared to their thin-film counterparts. This is because the conductivity of an entire percolation pathway will be disrupted by the interaction of the analyte anywhere along the pathway, and this means that a small number of interactions between the analyte molecules and the CP percolation network will lead to a relatively large resistance change. On the other hand, for CP thin film sensors, the analyte only locally affects the surface conductivity of the thin film, resulting in lower sensitivity. Previous work has shown that electropolymerization can be used to fabricate chemiresistors based on polypyrrole (PPy) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) percolation networks. [15] The sensitivities and limits of detection of the The sensitivity and limits of detection (LOD) of chemiresistive gas sensors can often be improved by increasing the surface area of the sensing material that interacts with the analyte. This process is referred to as nano structuring. Nanostructured polypyrrole (PPy) chemiresistive sensors for ammonia detection were created with the aid of a nanosphere template. Poly styrene nanospheres are deposited to form a template between interdigitated electrodes, and chronoamperometry is then used to grow PPy between the electrodes within the gaps of the nanospheres. The PPy grow...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensor Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemiresistive Polymer Percolation Network Gas Sensor Created with a Nanosphere Template

Lefferts

Wang

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Ammonia (NH 3 ) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) gases are utilized in a wide variety of industries, such as industrial production and food and chemical manufacturing, as refrigerants and cleaning agents. − Despite their wide range of applications, as toxic substances, NH 3 and HCl are major pollutants from agricultural practices, automobiles, and the chemical industry, directly or indirectly affecting the environmental climate. , In particular, it is also poisonous to humans. Inhalation of NH 3 above the threshold level (35 ppm) for more than 10 min is highly toxic and can irritate the eyes, skin, and lungs. − HCl gas is also highly corrosive to the eyes, mucous membranes, and upper respiratory tract . Therefore, simple and accurate monitoring of such harmful gases is essential to reduce environmental pollution and protect human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-Responsive and Self-Powered Visual Composite Langmuir–Blodgett Films for Ultrathin Gas Sensors

Zhao

Bian

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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The complex and variable environments are challenging the development of related detection and analysis. Ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen chloride (HCl) gases are both commonly used in industry, but they are considered to be toxic and corrosive substances that can threaten human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary here to develop a convenient, sensitive, and reliable sensor device for acid–alkali gas detection. Herein, we propose the synthesis strategy of an ultrathin film gas sensor based on the pH-responsive, self-powered, and visible composite Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films. In our work, the LB films with nanometric thicknesses are obtained based on the sensitive materials of two novel carbazole structural sensitizers (abbreviated as CS-35 and CS-37) and several dye molecules. The composite LB films are formed with Carbazole samples and dye molecules through hydrogen bonding, π–π stacking, synergistic electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions, existing as J-aggregate or H-aggregate. The formation of high-quality and uniform Langmuir films is confirmed with transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–vis spectrum, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and other measurements. In addition, based on the simple protonation and deprotonation, the prepared LB films can be assembled into a visual sensor for the response of pH gases. The response is confirmed by the study of ultraviolet spectroscopy and electrical output in vertical contact separation mode, which potentially unlocks a sustainable future for the application of ultrathin self-powered gas sensors.

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“…Polymer droplets break apart and a steady jet forms when the viscosity and surface tension of the solution are suitable [11][12][13][14][15]. Some researchers have focused on the detection performance of the produced sensors in the presence of liquid or gaseous alkalis and acids [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Eco-friendly processes and production costs should be considered for commercial textile sensor applications [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile Design of Colourimetric Polyurethane Nanofibrous Sensor Containing Natural Indicator Dye for Detecting Ammonia Vapour

Pakolpakçıl

Draczyński

2021

Materials

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Chemicals and industrial gases endanger both human health and the environment. The inhalation of colourless ammonia gas (NH3) can cause organ damage or even death in humans. Colourimetric materials are becoming more popular in the search for smart textiles for both fashion and specific occupational applications. Colourimetric textile sensors based on indicator dyes could be very useful for detecting strong gaseous conditions and monitoring gas leaks. In this study, black carrot extract (BCE) as a natural indicator dye and polyurethane (PU) polymer were used to develop a colourimetric sensor by electrospinning. The properties of the BCE/PU nanofibrous mats were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The BCE caused a change in the morphology of the PU nanofibrous mat. To evaluate the colour shift due to NH3 vapour, the BCE/PU nanofibrous mats were photographed by a camera, and software was used to obtain the quantitative colour data (CIE L*a*b). The BCE/PU nanofibrous exhibited a remarkable colour change from pink–red to green–blue under NH3 vapour conditions with a fast response time (≤30 s). These findings showed that colourimetric nanofibrous textile sensors could be a promising in situ material in protective clothing that changes colour when exposed to harmful gases.

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Ammonia Sensor Based on Vapor Phase Polymerized Polypyrrole

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

Chemiresistive Polymer Percolation Network Gas Sensor Created with a Nanosphere Template

Chemiresistive Polymer Percolation Network Gas Sensor Created with a Nanosphere Template

Gas-Responsive and Self-Powered Visual Composite Langmuir–Blodgett Films for Ultrathin Gas Sensors

A Facile Design of Colourimetric Polyurethane Nanofibrous Sensor Containing Natural Indicator Dye for Detecting Ammonia Vapour

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