Ammonia-free chemical bath deposition of nanocrystalline ZnS thin film buffer layer for solar cells

Goudarzi, Alireza; Aval, Ghaffar Motedayen; Sahraei, Reza; Ahmadpoor, Hiva

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2007.09.051

Cited by 208 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Thus they have become more popular in recent times. Various chemical techniques that has been used includes electrodeposition 9 , spray pyrolysis 10-11 , sol-gel 1 , spin coating 5 and chemical bath deposition [12][13][14][15] etc. The technique of CBD (also known as chemical solution deposition) is simple, inexpensive and can be adaptable to large area processing with low fabrication cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Sn Doped ZnS Thin Films Synthesized by CBD

Mukherjee

Mitra

2017

Mat. Res.

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Zinc sulphide (ZnS) thin film were prepared using chemical bath deposition (CBD) process and tin (Sn) doping was successfully carried out in ZnS. Structural, morphological and microstructural characterization was carried out using XRD, TEM, FESEM and EDX. XRD and SAED pattern confirms presence of hexagonal phase. Reitveld analysis using MAUD software was used for particle size estimation. A constantly decreasing trend in particle size was observed with increasing tin incorporation in ZnS film which was due to enhanced microstrain resulting for tin incorporation. The particle size of prepared hexagonal wurtzite ZnS was around 14-18 nm with average size of ~16.5 nm. The bandgap of the film increases from ~ 3.69 eV for ZnS to ~ 3.90 eV for 5% Sn doped ZnS film which might be due to more ordered hexagonal structure as a result of tin incorporation. Band gap tenability property makes Sn doped ZnS suitable for application in different optoelectronics devices. PL study shows variation of intensity with excitation wavelength and a red shift is noticed for increasing excitation wavelength.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Sn Doped ZnS Thin Films Synthesized by CBD

Mukherjee

Mitra

2017

Mat. Res.

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“…ZnS is an important material having various optoelectronic device applications such as blue light-emitting diodes, electroluminescent devices, electro-optic modulators and window layers in photovoltaic cells, sensors and lasers [1][2][3]. ZnS films have been deposited by a large variety of techniques such as spray pyrolysis, rf magnetron sputtering, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), sol-gel, and chemical bath deposition (CBD) [4,5]. Among these methods, spray pyrolysis is well suited for the preparation of these films because of its simple and inexpensive experimental arrangement, vacuumless, ease of adding various doping materials, high growth rate, and mass deposition capability for homogeneous large area coatings, which are desirable for industrial and photovoltaic solar cell applications [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Electrical, and Optical Study of ZnS:Mn Thin Films

2012

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In this study, ZnS and Mn-incorporated (at 2%, 4%, and 6%) ZnS films were deposited onto glass substrates by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique, and the effect of Mn incorporation on the electrical and optical properties of ZnS films was investigated. In order to determine the electrical characterization, the resistivity measurements of the films were performed by four-probe technique. The optical studies such as transmittance, reflectance and band gap energies of the films were carried out by the UV-Vis transmission.

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“…These peaks can be assigned to the planes (111), (220), and (311), respectively, of the cubic phase [12]. From the full width at half maximum of diffraction peaks, the average size of the CdTe nanocrystals was calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation [35], as around 5 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optical properties of CdTe nanocrystals synthesized by a green room temperature solution method

et al. 2015

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These materials exhibit quantum confinement effects when their sizes are comparable with the diameter of the bulk exciton, leading to split the continuum of electronic energy levels into discrete states with an effective band gap blue shifted from that of the bulk [7][8][9].There are two different synthetic methods for producing CdTe nanostructures, the organometallic route and synthesis in an aqueous solution [10][11][12][13]. The organometallic method usually requires hard conditions such as high temperature, toxic reagents and solvents, and a rigorous process for protecting synthesized nanostructures from oxidation, while the aqueous synthesis method requires mild conditions and is a simpler one [14,15]. Compared with organometallic route, aqueous synthesis has many advantages such as biocompatibility, water solubility, environmental friendliness, and low cost [16]. The aqueous synthetic approach allows the resulting nanostructures to be tuned in terms of their size, shape, and structure on the nanometer scale [17]. The capping agent is one of the most important factors in the synthesis of nanostructures. Some of the commonly used methods for surface passivation include protection by self-assembled monolayers, the most popular being thiol-functionalized organics; encapsulation in the water pools of reverse microemulsions; and dispersion in polymer matrixes [18]. The thiol-functionalized organic compounds are highly reactive chemically and pose potential environmental and biological risks. It is well known that capping ligands attached on the nanostructure surface have strong effects on the size, morphology, and compatibility of nanostructures with different chemical mediums [19]. Therefore, it is of great importance to have a proper selection of appropriate capping ligands, which would lead to the desired particle structures. Sodium citrate is one of the most common agents used in the synthesis of metallic and semiconductor nanostructures because Abstract The CdTe nanocrystals were successfully synthesized using a facile room temperature method with non-toxic and environmentally friendly capping agent. The obtained CdTe nanocrystals were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and z-scan technique. A photoluminescence peak with full width at half maximum of around 15 nm could be obtained, which indicates a homogeneous and narrow size distribution for the CdTe nanocrystals. The magnitude and sign of the third-order nonlinear refractive index (n 2 ) and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) of the CdTe nanocrystals were determined by using of the closed-and open-aperture z-scan at different intensities, respectively. The negative sign of n 2 indicated that there is a self-defocusing effect in the sample. The nonlinear refractive index, n 2 , and the nonlinear absorption coefficient, β, were in order of 10 −7 cm 2 W −1 and 10 −2 -10 −3 cmW −1, respectively.

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Ammonia-free chemical bath deposition of nanocrystalline ZnS thin film buffer layer for solar cells

Cited by 208 publications

References 26 publications

Characterization of Sn Doped ZnS Thin Films Synthesized by CBD

Characterization of Sn Doped ZnS Thin Films Synthesized by CBD

Growth, Electrical, and Optical Study of ZnS:Mn Thin Films

Nonlinear optical properties of CdTe nanocrystals synthesized by a green room temperature solution method

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