Ammonia emissions reduction possibilities from dairy farms

Self Cite

The article discusses the effect of farm manure management on emissions of greenhouse gases or GHG. The Latvian GHG emission mandatory data for the time period from 2000 to 2017 have been used for the research. It has been stated that in animal breeding 73 % of the total GHG emissions are related to the animal digestive tract and only 27 %-to management of farm manure. Besides, the direct GHG emissions influenced by farm manure collection, storage and application technologies comprise only 13 % of the total amount of GHG emissions from animal breeding, but 6 % of emissions are created by working farm manure into the ground, 5 %-from usage of pastures and 3 % of the total emissions are indirect farm manure management emissions. Emissions caused by farm manure management from 2000 to 2017 in Latvia have increased by 3.7 %. It has been mainly influenced by the increasing number of beef cattle as well as by transition to more updated animal breeding technologies involving production of liquid manure. Using the present GHG emissions calculation method it is not possible to prognosticate reduction of these emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the emission reduction measures described in special literature, for instance, addition of bacteriological or chemical additives to liquid manure, and these measures should be included in the methods of calculation of GHG emissions.

Section: Fig 1 Proportion Of Ghg Emissions Caused By Animal Breedinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions caused by farm manure management in Latvia

Bērziņa

Priekulis

Aboltins

et al. 2019

Self Cite

“…A = 0.0073T 4 -0.2425T 3 + 2.7745T 2 -12.52T + 24.101. 2Each regression equation (3)(4)(5) describes the dependence of ammonia concentration on the temperature on particular day: equation 3…”

Section: Fig 8 Absolute Air Humidity In Particular Points In Barnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia concentration in cow barn under limited air exchange

Vtoryi

Ylyin

2019

Ammonia is significantly lighter than air and has high water solubility. In terms of the health effect, ammonia belongs to choking and neurotropic agents; under certain concentrations it can cause the pulmonary edema and severe damage to the nervous system of the workers and animals. This establishes the need to monitor the ammonia content in the cow barn air, especially in winter, when additional insulating measures are taken in the cow barns due to the negative outdoor temperatures and when the air exchange with the external environment is sharply reduced. The study was conducted in Leningrad Region of Russia in the operating typical cow barn with the dimensions of 21x72 m for 200 lactating cows with the tied housing system and natural ventilation. The study was based on the instrumental express method using experiment designing, computer registration and data processing. The ammonia concentration and other inside climate parameters at certain points of the barn in a given time interval were measured. The ammonia concentration was found to depend on the air temperature and humidity in the barn, as well as on the external weather conditions, which affected these factors. During the observation period, the outside air temperature ranged from-6.0 ºC to-10.6 ºC, with the relative humidity being 72-84 % and the absolute air humidity being 1.6-2.3 kg-3 •m-3. At the measurement points inside the barn, the air temperature ranged from 3.2 to 10.4 ºC, with the relative humidity being 72-90 % and the absolute air humidity being 4.5-7.8 kg-3 •m-3. The ammonia concentration was 2.62-8.92 kg-6 •m-3 , with the maximum allowable value in Russia being 20 kg-6 •m-3. This verified the sufficient air exchange in the barn, providing the necessary conditions for animals. With a decrease in temperature and an increase in humidity in the barn, the ammonia concentration dropped owing to the specific ammonia properties. As the study results, the regression models of ammonia concentration were created with 95 % confidence level, depending on the air temperature in the barn.

“…Compared to solid manure, it is easier to mechanise management of liquid manure, necessity for litter material essentially reduces and consumption of work on the farm also reduces. Nevertheless, the earlier research by the authors of the article [3] shows that introducing loose handling of dairy cattle and producing liquid manure the area of dirty and wet floor in the farm increases by approximately three times. It increases ammonia emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ammonia emission reduction measures in dairy cattle farming

Priekulis

Laurs

Melece

2019

Self Cite

The article discusses the possibilities of ammonia emission reduction in dairy cattle farming. In earlier research by the authors of the article it has been found that updating of the production technology and production of liquid manure increase ammonia emissions approximately 1.8 times. Therefore, it may hinder implementation of the national aims determined in the country on a gradual reduction of ammonia emissions. Therefore, the ammonia emission reduction measures recommended in special literature are summarised as well as their evaluation by application of the expert method is presented. The measures approved by the experts are divided into three groups depending on the capital investments that are needed for their implementation. In the research it has been stated that for further reduction of ammonia emissions in dairy farming it is sufficient to improve the animal welfare measures and enlarge usage of liquid manure chemical or biological additives, but it is not necessary to invest large capital investments for the building of new dairy cattle housing facilities and farm manure storages.