Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy

Swelum, Ayman A.; Ghanima, Mahmoud M. Abo; Shukry, Mustafa; Alhotan, Rashed A.; Hussein, Elsayed O.S.; Suliman, Gamaleldin M.; Ba-Awadh, Hani; Ammari, Aiman A.; Taha, Ayman E.; El‐Tarabily, Khaled A.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146978

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Thus, the factors that influence how NH 3 is formed and released into the broiler house environment are litter type, animal activity, bird age and density, manure handling, frequency of manure removal, ventilation rate and air velocity, while the factors that influence how manure bacteria and enzymes break down N to form NH 3 are N content, temperature, moisture/humidity and pH (Figure 2) [4,15]. The litter's pH is a major factor regulating the volatilisation of NH 3 since it specifies the volatile NH 4 + /NH 3 ratio between their ionic and non-volatile forms (Figure 2) [16]. Among all factors affecting NH 3 volatilisation in broiler house litter, humidity is one of the most important influencing parameters [17].…”

Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the increase of indoor air humidity and temperature will increase the moisture and temperature of the litter material and consequently will enhance the NH 3 volatilisation [4,18]. The water trough should be placed carefully and checked regularly to prevent water leakage on the litter and the litter humidity in broiler houses should be 15-25% [16].…”

Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia concentrations in broiler houses should not exceed 25 ppm because birds' productivity is adversely affected above this limit (Table 1). Higher NH 3 levels also decrease the body weight gain, calorie conversion, general living conditions, carcass condemnation, and birds' immune system (Table 1) [12,16,21]. Furthermore, the NH 3 gas has a common pungent odour that humans can detect at concentrations of 20-30 ppm and irritates the conjunctiva, cornea, and mucous membranes of birds'…”

Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Measures to Control Airborne Pollutants in Broiler Housing

Pereira¹,

Garcia²,

Trindade³

2023

Environmental Sciences

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Broiler housing is a significant source of airborne pollutants from animal production, which lead to degradation of indoor air quality and outdoor emissions, particularly ammonia, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, methane, hydrogen sulphide, odours and particulate matter. In this chapter, we first analyse the current state of the art on the consequences of these pollutants on broiler farming, farm workers, and the environment. This includes the factors affecting pollutants generation, quantification, and mitigation measures suppressing airborne pollutants. Next, we describe different best available techniques for environmental protection and sustainability of broiler production, namely feeds and feeding management, feed supplements, bedding management and treatment of exhaust air. Thus, broiler farms should select mitigation strategies based on several considerations, such as location, climate conditions, environmental policies and financial resources.

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Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ammoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Measures to Control Airborne Pollutants in Broiler Housing

Pereira¹,

Garcia²,

Trindade³

2023

Environmental Sciences

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“…It is a consensus in literature that NH is the most important gas molecule released from litter materials devoted to poultry rearing (Swelum et al, 2021 ). Therefore, it deserves special attention.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of ammonia concentrations from coir-husk litter of Brazilian poultry house using diode laser photoacoustic spectroscopy

Linhares

Torres-Cordido

Sthel

et al. 2022

Environ Monit Assess

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Ammonia (NH ) from manure is a concern in raising broiler due to possible damages to production and the environment. Brazil is the main exporter of chicken meat in the world and is also responsible for large waste of poultry litter. The country, likewise, figures as top 5 producers of green coconut, which results in considerable volumes of waste, since 80%-85% of the fruit is unusable. This work analyzes the ammonia concentration profile of two bedding substrates for raising broiler, to know, coir-husk fiber and a commonly used pine wood shavings in a Brazilian climate. A differential home-made photoacoustic cell combined with a diode laser was employed for sensing ammonia at trace levels. Such combination confers selectivity as well as lower limits of detection to the system. The chemical compositions pH, N, C, Ca, Mg, P O and K O were also determined, in addition to the moisture, dry matter and mineral content of substrates and litters. NH concentrations varied from (0.9 ± 0.3) ppmv to (19 ± 3) ppmv and from (2.1 ± 0.5) ppmv to (21 ± 3) ppmv for the coir-husk fiber and wood shavings substrates, respectively. Results showed the feasibility of using coconut fiber as poultry litter in regions where this material is a common waste. Moreover, as NH concentrations were lower for coconut fiber bedding compared to shavings, this coir-husk fiber is a potential residue to guarantee the environmental sustainability by Brazilian poultry farming. Coir-husk fibers presented significantly higher amounts of P and K in comparison to pine wood. NH profiles revealed that coir-husk fiber emitted lower quantities than wood shavings. Besides, a delay on the NH emission pattern was clearly seen when the coconut waste was the bedding material. Such a tendency was confirmed by the logistic model. Our findings, in turn, make the coir-husk an environmentally friendly alternative low-cost product for poultry litter as well as its potential use as natural fertilizer. The later deserves attention since there is a need to accurately assess the emissions of methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide during the composting process. In Brazil, the waste generated by the high production of green coconut is an environmental liability. The cost of poultry production has been high, reducing the profit of producers, who seek to make production cheaper. Measuring NH from poultry activity in Brazil, a tropical country, aims to control management and reduce production losses, since NH is a harmful gas to birds. The measurement of NH concentrations at trace levels from raising broilers by photoacoustic diode laser spectroscopy, to the best of our knowledge, has been reported for the very first time.

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“…Nilai amonia kotoran pada penelitian ini cenderung lebih rendah dari temuan Hendalia et al (2012) Efek penambahan tepung kunyit diharapkan dapat memaksimalkan organ pencernaan dan memperbaiki penyerapan nutrisi pakan sehingga dapat meminimalisir terbentuknya amonia. Menekan jumlah nutrisi yang tidak terserap khususnya yang tersusun dari nitrogen, akan meminimalisir terbentuknya amonia (Swelum et al, 2021). Menurut Mountzouris et al…”

Section: Amonia Pada Kotoranunclassified

Synergistic effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder and nitrifying probiotics on productivity and ammonia level in excreta from quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Jawawi

Kalsum²,

Muwakhid³

2023

J. Ilm. Pertan.

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One of the keys to successful quail rearing is choosing suitable nutritional feed. Unfortunately, feed nutrients not adequately absorbed by the digestive tract of quails, in addition to impacting productivity, will also be wasted and decompose to form ammonia, which becomes a supporting factor for disease. This study aims to determine how adding turmeric powder and nitrifying probiotics affect the productivity and amount of ammonia from quail excreta. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 (six) treatments, i.e., control (without the addition of turmeric powder and nitrifying probiotics), the addition of nitrifying probiotics 4.5 g/kg of feed, the addition of nitrifying probiotics 6 g/kg of feed, the addition of turmeric powder 3 g/kg of feed, the addition of 3 g turmeric powder + nitrifying probiotics 4.5 g/kg of feed, and the addition of 3 g turmeric powder + nitrifying probiotics 6 g/kg of feed. Data were analyzed statistically using ANOVA and followed by the DMRT. The results showed that adding turmeric powder and nitrifying probiotics had no effect on feed consumption, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and ammonia level in quail excreta but had a significant impact on quail day production (QDP). This study concluded that adding turmeric powder and nitrifying probiotics can improve the value of QDP, PER, and reduce ammonia levels in quail excreta but had not been able to enhance the value of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio.

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Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy

Cited by 39 publications

References 101 publications

Review of Measures to Control Airborne Pollutants in Broiler Housing

Review of Measures to Control Airborne Pollutants in Broiler Housing

Monitoring of ammonia concentrations from coir-husk litter of Brazilian poultry house using diode laser photoacoustic spectroscopy

Synergistic effect of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) powder and nitrifying probiotics on productivity and ammonia level in excreta from quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

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