Ammonia emission measurement with an online wind tunnel system for evaluation of manure application techniques

Pedersen, Johanna; Feilberg, Anders; Kamp, Jesper Nørlem; Hafner, Sasha D.; Nyord, Tavs

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117562

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The large dependence of NH 3 volatilization on environmental parameters stresses the importance of extended continuous field measurements such as those provided by calibration-free open-path DCS. For example, our results on the wind dependence of NH 3 emission rate will inform future studies aimed at reducing NH 3 emissions using modern management practices such as restricted grazing ( 46 ), targeted manure application ( 47 ), and agricultural windbreaks ( 48 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Here, we have shown that DCS is a viable solution for sub–parts-per-billion level sensing of NH 3 over kilometer scales in a system that simultaneously provides information about multiple other gaseous species with precision comparable to single-species open-path sensors ( 8 , 50 , 51 ). The DCS NH 3 sensing has already provided useful in situ data regarding the wind dependence of NH 3 volatilization rates, simultaneously benchmarking biogeochemical models and encouraging further emissions mitigation research ( 40 , 47 ). In the future, multispecies DCS sensing will help determine accurate environmental dependences of CH 4 -NH 3 and CO 2 -NH 3 emission factor ratios, ultimately improving our understanding of microbial activity and carbon exchange in feedlot and grassland ecosystems ( 43 , 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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Advances in spectroscopy have the potential to improve our understanding of agricultural processes and associated trace gas emissions. We implement field-deployed, open-path dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) for precise multispecies emissions estimation from livestock. With broad atmospheric dual-comb spectra, we interrogate upwind and downwind paths from pens containing approximately 300 head of cattle, providing time-resolved concentration enhancements and fluxes of CH4, NH3, CO2, and H2O. The methane fluxes determined from DCS data and fluxes obtained with a colocated closed-path cavity ring-down spectroscopy gas analyzer agree to within 6%. The NH3 concentration retrievals have sensitivity of 10 parts per billion and yield corresponding NH3 fluxes with a statistical precision of 8% and low systematic uncertainty. Open-path DCS offers accurate multispecies agricultural gas flux quantification without external calibration and is easily extended to larger agricultural systems where point-sampling-based approaches are insufficient, presenting opportunities for field-scale biogeochemical studies and ecological monitoring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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“…With this model, only two analyzers for the concentration measurements were needed (instead of 4 in 2020). The Picarro models G2103, G2509, and G4301 have been validated and used previously in agricultural studies (e.g., see refs , , ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Covering Deep Litter Stockpiles on Methane and Ammonia Emissions Analyzed by an Inverse Dispersion Method

Lemes

Nyord

Feilberg

et al. 2023

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Ammonia (NH 3 ) and methane (CH 4 ) emission rates from cattle deep litter and horse manure deep litter in farmscale stockpiles were measured using an inverse dispersion method based on the backward Lagrangian Stochastic (bLS) model. The aims of the study were to (i) evaluate the effects of timing and carefulness of covering a stockpile, (ii) measure emissions from handling and storing deep litter, (iii) compare emissions from manure stored in a container and stockpile, (iv) determine emissions from cattle and horse manure deep litter, and (v) evaluate potential effects of pile temperature on emissions. New emission data with relatively high temporal resolution are provided. High variability in CH 4 emissions was observed with no clear effects on the timing of covering, even though the temperatures inside the piles were different. NH 3 emissions occur immediately after pile establishment and the emissions were highly influenced by the timing of covering. In the first week of storage, covering reduced NH 3 emissions by 92 ± 9% when comparing the emissions from a noncovered and totally covered stockpile. This demonstrates the effect of applying a cover immediately to avoid NH 3 emissions. The long-term effects of covering strategies as well as the influence of temperature and season are also discussed. For horse manure deep litter, storage in a closed (covered) container instead of a covered stockpile was observed to reduce CH 4 emissions by 50 ± 58% and NH 3 emissions by 67 ± 37%.

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“…The light is absorbed in the cavity, and the decay of light intensity is called the ring-down time, which is directly related to the concentration of the specific compound. It has been frequently used to study agricultural emissions (e.g., Kamp et al, 2021;Pedersen et al, 2020;Kamp et al, 2019;Sintermann et al, 2011).…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of open and closed path sampling systems for determination of emission rates of NH₃ and CH₄ with inverse dispersion modelling

Lemes

Häni

Kamp

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. The gas emission rates of ammonia (NH3) and methane (CH4) from an artificial source covering a surface area of 254 m2 were determined by inverse dispersion modelling (IDM) from point and line-integrated concentration measurements with closed and open-path analyzers. Eight controlled release experiments were conducted with different release rates ranging from 3.8 ± 0.21 to 17.4 ± 0.4 mg s-1 and from 30.7 ± 1.4 to 142.8 ± 2.9 mg s-1 for NH3 and CH4, respectively. The distance between the source and concentration measurement positions ranged from 15 m to 60 m. Our study consisted of more than 200 fluxes averaged intervals of 10 min or 15 min. The different releases cover a range of different climate conditions: cold (< 5 °C), temperate (< 13 °C) and warm (< 18 °C). As the average of all releases with all instrument types, the CH4 recovery rate QbLS/Q was 0.95 ± 0.08 (n = 19). There was much more variation in the recovery of NH3, with an average of 0.66 ± 0.15 (n = 10) for all the releases with the line-integrated system. However, with an improved sampling line placed close to the source an average recovery rate of 0.82 ± 0.05 (n = 3) was obtained for NH3. Under comparable conditions, the recovery rate obtained with an open-path analyzer was 0.91 ± 0.07 (n = 3). The effects of measurement distance, physical properties of the sampling line, and deposition are discussed.

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Ammonia emission measurement with an online wind tunnel system for evaluation of manure application techniques

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

Effect of Covering Deep Litter Stockpiles on Methane and Ammonia Emissions Analyzed by an Inverse Dispersion Method

Evaluation of open and closed path sampling systems for determination of emission rates of NH₃ and CH₄ with inverse dispersion modelling

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Ammonia emission measurement with an online wind tunnel system for evaluation of manure application techniques

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

Precise multispecies agricultural gas flux determined using broadband open-path dual-comb spectroscopy

Effect of Covering Deep Litter Stockpiles on Methane and Ammonia Emissions Analyzed by an Inverse Dispersion Method

Evaluation of open and closed path sampling systems for determination of emission rates of NH3 and CH4 with inverse dispersion modelling

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Evaluation of open and closed path sampling systems for determination of emission rates of NH₃ and CH₄ with inverse dispersion modelling