Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Durieu: Antihyperglycemic activity via the inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and intestinal glucose absorption activities and its chemical composition

Abstract

Context: Ammodaucus leucotrichus commonly known as a ‘Kamune es sufi or akâman’ in Morocco, is used to treat many diseases including diabetes. Aims: To investigate the antihyperglycemic activity of an aqueous extract of fruits A. leucotrichus (AEAL) and its chemical composition. Methods: The antihyperglycemic effect of the AEAL was tested against intestinal α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase activities, in vitro, at the concentrations (41-328 µg/mL) and (0.5-3 mg/mL) respectively. In addition, the inhibitory effect of the AEAL (150 mg/kg) against these enzymes was confirmed, in vivo in normal and alloxan diabetic rats using sucrose, starch, and glucose as a substrate.The antihyperglycemic effect of the AEAL was also tested against intestinal D-glucose absorption activity at the dose of 150 mg/kg using the jejunum segment perfusion technique, in situ. Chemical composition was evaluated using HPLC. Results: The results of this study showed that the AEAL was significantly (p<0.001) inhibited the intestinal α-glucosidase, in vitro (IC50 = 0.254 mg/mL). The same effect of this extract was confirmed against the pancreatic α-amylase activity, with IC50 = 1.81 mg/mL. In vivo, the oral intake of the AEAL at a dose of 150 mg/kg was significantly attenuated the hyperglycemia induced by the sucrose, starch, and glucose in the normal and alloxan diabetic rats. AEAL, also, significantly (p<0.01) decreased intestinal glucose absorption, in situ.HPLC results revealed the presence of four molecules: vanillin, quercetin, kaempferol, and thymol. Conclusions: A. leucotrichus showed a significant antihyperglycemic activity. This effect can be explained by the inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase activities, and the intestinal absorption of D-glucose.

The Phenolic Content of Pistacia lentiscus Leaf Extract and Its Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Properties

“…The in vitro antidiabetic activity based on the inhibition of pancreatic α -amylase activity was performed on the hydroacetonic extract according to the method of Bouknana et al [ 39 ]. The following concentrations of the extract were tested: 0.05, 0.11, 0.23, and 0.45 mg/ml.…”

Antihyperglycemic potential of the Lavandula stoechas aqueous extract via inhibition of digestive enzymes and reduction of intestinal glucose absorption

“…The first one which is the control group was treated only with distilled water (10 mL/kg) by intragastric gavage (i.g.). The second group was treated with the AqLs diluted with distilled water at a dose of 150 mg/kg as it was mentioned in previous studies [ 26 ], and the last group was treated orally by intragastric gavage (i.g.) with Glibenclamide also diluted with distilled water at a dose of 2 mg/kg.…”

“…In this study, normal and diabetic rats weighing between 250 and 350 g were used, they were fasted for 16 h, and then divided, so that the normal rats were randomly divided into groups, whereas the diabetic rats were separated into groups based on their glycemic levels, into three experimental groups of 6 rats; only distilled water was provided to the control group (10 mL/kg), the other group received a single dose of Acarbose by gavage (i.g.) (10 mg/kg), and the last one received a single dose of the AqLs (150 mg/kg) [ 26 ], by intragastric gavage (i.g.) for all groups.…”