Aminotransferase SsAro8 Regulates Tryptophan Metabolism Essential for Filamentous Growth of Sugarcane Smut Fungus
            <i>Sporisorium scitamineum</i>

Cui, Guobing; Huang, Chen-Han; Bi, Xinping; Wang, Yixu; Yin, Kai; Zhu, Luyuan; Jiang, Zide; Chen, Baoshan; Deng, Yi Zhen

doi:10.1128/spectrum.00570-22

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Double‐joint PCR was performed to construct the fragment for the replacement of the target gene by the hygromycin ( HPT ) or zeocin ( ZEO , Invitrogen) resistance gene following a previously described strategy (Yu et al, 2004 ). Polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐mediated protoplast transformation was used to delete and complement target genes following established protocols (Chang et al, 2019 ; Cui et al, 2022 ). For the generation of deletion mutants, the flanking DNA (1 kb 5′ and 3′) of the resident target gene was amplified by PCR using genomic DNA of S. scitamineum strain MAT‐1 as the template and the HPT gene was amplified using plasmid pEX2 (Wang et al, 2019 ) as the template.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Double-joint PCR was performed to construct the fragment for the replacement of the target gene by the hygromycin (HPT) or zeocin (ZEO, Invitrogen) resistance gene following a previously described strategy (Yu et al, 2004). Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated protoplast transformation was used to delete and complement target genes following established protocols (Chang et al, 2019;Cui et al, 2022).…”

Section: Plasmid Construction and Fungal Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intracellular polyamines regulate redox homeostasis with cAMP–PKA signalling during sexual mating/filamentation and pathogenicity of Sporisorium scitamineum

Yin,

Cui,

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Sugarcane smut caused by Sporisorium scitamineum seriously impairs sugarcane production and quality. Sexual mating/filamentation is a critical step of S. scitamineum pathogenesis, yet the regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we identified the SsAGA, SsODC, and SsSAMDC genes, which are involved in polyamine biosynthesis in S. scitamineum. Deletion of SsODC led to complete loss of filamentous growth after sexual mating, and deletion of SsAGA or SsSAMDC caused reduced filamentation. Double deletion of SsODC and SsSAMDC resulted in auxotrophy for putrescine (PUT) and spermidine (SPD) when grown on minimal medium (MM), indicating that these two genes encode enzymes that are critical for PUT and SPD biosynthesis. We further showed that low PUT concentrations promoted S. scitamineum filamentation, while high PUT concentrations suppressed filamentation. Disrupted fungal polyamine biosynthesis also resulted in a loss of pathogenicity and reduced fungal biomass within infected plants at the early infection stage. SPD formed a gradient from the diseased part to nonsymptom parts of the cane stem, suggesting that SPD is probably favourable for fungal virulence. Mutants of the cAMP–PKA (SsGPA3–SsUAC1–SsADR1) signalling pathway displayed up‐regulation of the SsODC gene and elevated intracellular levels of PUT. SsODC directly interacted with SsGPA3, and sporidia of the ss1uac1ΔodcΔ mutant displayed abundant pseudohyphae. Furthermore, we found that elevated PUT levels caused accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), probably by suppressing transcription of ROS‐scavenging enzymes, while SPD played the opposite role. Overall, our work proves that polyamines play important roles in the pathogenic development of sugarcane smut fungus, probably by collaboratively regulating intracellular redox homeostasis with the cAMP–PKA signalling pathway.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plasmid Construction and Fungal Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular polyamines regulate redox homeostasis with cAMP–PKA signalling during sexual mating/filamentation and pathogenicity of Sporisorium scitamineum

Yin,

Cui,

et al. 2023

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…The lack of efficient and simple virulence detection method is one of the main reasons for the lag in the S. scitamineum research. Traditionally, the pathogenicity assay of S. scitamineum involves soaking sugarcane buds with fungal teliospores or injection of teliospores or mixed sporidia of both mating types into meristematic tissue of sugarcane sprouts derived from stalk cuttings or tissue cultures ( Sun et al, 2019 ; Zhu et al, 2019 ; Cui et al, 2022 ). These methods have been used to characterize the virulence and physiological race differentiation of S. scitamineum ( Deng et al, 2018 ) and to determine the pathogenicity of S. scitamineum mutant strains ( Wang et al, 2019 ; Cai et al, 2021 , 2022 ; Shen et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient inoculation method to evaluate virulence differentiation of field strains of sugarcane smut fungus

Guo,

Meng,

Huang

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Sugarcane smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Sporisorium scitamineum, is a prominent threat to the sugarcane industry. The development of smut resistant varieties is the ultimate solution for controlling this disease, due to the lack of other efficient control methods. Artificial inoculation method is used to evaluate the virulence differentiation of pathogens. The mostly used artificial inoculation methods are soaking of the seed canes in the teliospore solution and injection of teliospores or haploid sporidia into the sugarcane sprouts. However, due to the infection nature of the pathogen that invades the sugarcane plant through meristem tissue of the sprout or shoot, the rate of successful infection is often low and fluctuated, resulting in low confidence of the assays. We recently reported a rapid and high-throughput inoculation method called plantlet soaking by using tissue culture-derived sugarcane plantlets as the test plants. Here, we compare different inoculation methods and report the characterization of parameters that may affect the sensitivity and efficiency of the plantlet soaking technique. The results showed that sugarcane plantlets were highly vulnerable to infection, even with the inoculum density at 6.0 × 105 basidial spores/ml, and this method could be applied to all varieties tested. Notably, varieties showing high smut resistance in the field exhibited high susceptibility when inoculated with the plantlet soaking method, suggesting that the plantlet soaking method is a good complement to the traditional methods for screening germplasms with internal resistance. In addition, this method could also be used to monitor the variation of cellular virulence of the smut pathogen strains in the field.

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“…Expression of host miRNAs in B. bassiana has been shown to significantly enhance fungal virulence against insecticide-resistant mosquitoes. Engineered fungal entomopathogen B. bassiana, that produces host immunosuppressive miRNAs, can effectively suppress the host Toll immune response and facilitate fungal infection [107]. This pathogenmediated RNAi (pmRNAi)-based approach provides an innovative strategy not only to enhance the efficacy of fungal insecticides but also to minimize the possibility of resistance development.…”

Section: Introducing Insecticidal Molecules Into Mosquitomentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancements in Pathogenic Mechanisms, Applications and Strategies for Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mosquito Biocontrol

Qin

Liu

Peng

et al. 2023

JoF

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Fungal diseases are widespread among insects and play a crucial role in naturally regulating insect populations. Mosquitoes, known as vectors for numerous infectious diseases, pose a significant threat to human health. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) have emerged as highly promising alternative agents to chemical mosquitocides for controlling mosquitoes at all stages of their life cycle due to their unique infection pathway through direct contact with the insect’s cuticle. In recent years, significant advancements have been made in understanding the infection pathways and pathogenic mechanisms of EPF against mosquitoes. Various strategies involving the use of EPF alone or combinations with other approaches have been employed to target mosquitoes at various developmental stages. Moreover, the application of genetic technologies in fungi has opened up new avenues for enhancing the mosquitocidal efficacy of EPF. This review presents a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in our understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of EPF, their applications in mosquito management, and the combination of EPF with other approaches and employment of transgenic technologies. The biosafety concerns associated with their use and the corresponding approaches are also discussed. The recent progress suggests that EPF have the potential to serve as a future biorational tool for controlling mosquito vectors.

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Aminotransferase SsAro8 Regulates Tryptophan Metabolism Essential for Filamentous Growth of Sugarcane Smut Fungus Sporisorium scitamineum

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Intracellular polyamines regulate redox homeostasis with cAMP–PKA signalling during sexual mating/filamentation and pathogenicity of Sporisorium scitamineum

Intracellular polyamines regulate redox homeostasis with cAMP–PKA signalling during sexual mating/filamentation and pathogenicity of Sporisorium scitamineum

An efficient inoculation method to evaluate virulence differentiation of field strains of sugarcane smut fungus

Recent Advancements in Pathogenic Mechanisms, Applications and Strategies for Entomopathogenic Fungi in Mosquito Biocontrol

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