Aminostratigraphy and faunal correlations of late Quaternary marine terraces, Pacific Coast, USA

Coastal tectonics on the eastern margin of the Pacific Rim: late Quaternary sea-level history and uplift rates, Channel Islands National Park, California, USA

“…Along the southern Oregon coast at Cape Blanco and Bandon, uplift rates (~0.6e0.8 m/ka), like Yaquina Bay, are higher than most localities in California west of the San Andreas Fault, other than where restraining bends in faults have brought about locally higher uplift rates. In contrast, the uplift rate at Crescent City (~0.25 m/ka), based on age data in Kennedy et al (1982) and elevation data in Polenz and Kelsey (1999), is similar to those of other California localities (Fig. 18).…”

“…Paleo-sea levels, relative to present, used for uplift rate calculations are þ6 m (~120 ka), À11 m (~80 ka), and À62 m (~49 ka), derived from data in Muhs et al (2012). Abbreviations and sources of data, south to north: CP, Cabo Pulmo (Muhs et al, 2002a); LP, La Paz (Sirkin et al, 1990); BH, Bahía Magdalena (Omura et al, 1979); IC, Isla Coronados and PC, Punta Chivato (Johnson et al, 2007; see also Table 2); MU, Mulege (Ashby et al, 1987); BT, Bahía de Tortugas (Emerson et al, 1981); PB, Punta Banda (Rockwell et al, 1989;Muhs et al, 2002a); PL, Point Loma (Kern, 1977;Muhs et al, 2002a); SCI, San Clemente Island (Muhs et al, 2002a; NB, Newport Bay (Grant et al, 1999); SNI, San Nicolas Island ; PV, Palos Verdes Hills (Muhs et al, 2006); NCI, Northern Channel Islands (this study); V, Ventura Kennedy et al, 1982;Wehmiller, 1982); IV, Isla Vista (Gurrola et al, 2014; see also Table 2); SB, Shell Beach (Stein et al, 1991;Hanson et al, 1994); PSL, Point San Luis (Hanson et al, 1994;Muhs et al, 1994); C, Cayucos (Stein et al, 1991;Muhs et al, 2002a); AN, Año Nuevo (Muhs et al, 2006); PA, Point Arena (Muhs et al, 2006); PD, Point Delgada (McLaughlin et al, 1983a(McLaughlin et al, , 1983bMerritts and Bull, 1989); CC, Crescent City (Kennedy et al, 1982;Polenz and Kelsey, 1999); CB, Cape Blanco (Kelsey, 1990;Muhs et al, 1990); B, Bandon (McInelly and Kelsey, 1990;…”

“…Wehmiller (1982Wehmiller ( , 1992Wehmiller ( , 2013aWehmiller ( , 2013b, Wehmiller and Miller (2000) and Miller and Clarke (2007) review the method in detail. Amino acid racemization and epimerization in fossil mollusks have been used for more than three decades for marine terraces in California, beginning with the pioneering work of Wehmiller et al (1977, Wehmiller and Belknap (1978), and Kennedy et al (1982). For amino acid geochronology on the Channel Islands, the present study utilizes the common rocky intertidal gastropod Chlorostoma (formerly Tegula [McLean, 2007]), usually Chlorostoma funebralis (A. Adams, 1855) and the intertidal bivalve Epilucina californica (Conrad, 1837).…”

“…1 and 18). At Yaquina Bay, Oregon, the uplift rate (~0.85 m/ka) is derived from a terrace that is correlated with the~120 ka high-sea stand, based on amino acid ratios from Kennedy et al (1982) and elevation data from Kelsey et al (1996). Uplift rates at three other localities (Cape Blanco, Bandon, and Crescent City) are based on the age, elevation, and paleo-sea level of 80 ka marine terraces.…”

Late Quaternary sea-level history and the antiquity of mammoths (Mammuthus exilisandMammuthus columbi), Channel Islands National Park, California, USA

“…No attempt is made to discuss the pros and cons of the human vs. climate change causes for megafaunal extinction in North America, but some of the findings presented here have relevance to the debate on these two causes for mammoth extinction specifically on the Channel Islands. Kanakoff and Emerson (1959); Valentine (1962);Orr (1960); Vedder and Norris (1963); Addicott (1964); Lipps et al (1968); Kern (1977); Kennedy et al (1982Kennedy et al ( , 1992; Muhs et al (1992Muhs et al ( , 2002aMuhs et al ( , 2010Muhs et al ( , 2012Muhs et al ( , 2014aMuhs et al ( , 2014b; Heusser (1995Heusser ( , 2000; Kennett and Venz (1995), and Grant et al (1999 There is little question that early humans in North America hunted proboscideans. Indeed, Mammuthus and Mammut are two of the very few megafaunal taxa for which there is unequivocal archeological evidence indicating human predation, and there are at least a dozen such sites with mammoth remains in North America (see compilations in Meltzer, 2002, 2003).…”