Aminoguanidine Inhibits the AGE–RAGE Axis to Modulate the Induction of Periodontitis but Has Limited Effects on the Progression and Recovery of Experimental Periodontitis: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

AG reduced periodontal bone loss during the induction of experimental periodontitis, and the effects appeared to be insignificant in the progression and recovery phases. This modulation was related to the inhibition of the AGE-RAGE axis to resume cell-matrix interactions and maintain tissue integrity.

Soft-tissue Wound Healing by Anti-advanced Glycation End-products Agents

“…As shown in our previous studies, both AG and PTB significantly retarded the induction of experimental periodontitis in non-diabetic animals (Chang et al, 2014a(Chang et al, , 2014b. Since AGE deposition was evident during palatal wound-healing in the control group (Fig.…”

“…However, without the infection from exogenous pathogens, inflammation was elicited only in the initial stages and gradually receded in the control group (Fig. 3D), implying that AGE deposition was milder relative to the conditions of experimental periodontitis (Chang et al, 2014a), and the inhibition of the AGE-RAGE axis by the anti-AGE agents became negligible after day 14 (Figs. 3G, 3H, 4A).…”

“…N-phenacylthiazolium bromide (PTB), a glycated cross-link breaker, has also been shown to prevent diabetic complications (Cooper et al, 2000). Our recent investigations demonstrated that AG J Dent Res 93(4) 2014 389 Anti-AGE for Soft-tissue Wound-healing inhibited the induction but did not apparently modulate the progression and recovery phases of periodontitis, presumably related to the limited effect of AG on the highly concentrated, pre-existing AGE at the sites of periodontitis (Chang et al, 2014a). In contrast, PTB inhibited the induction and progression phases and facilitated the recovery phase of periodontitis (Chang et al, 2014b).…”

N‐Phenacylthiazolium Bromide Inhibits the Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE)–AGE Receptor Axis to Modulate Experimental Periodontitis in Rats

“…Although a strong correlation between the AGE–RAGE axis and proinflammatory cytokine levels in individuals without diabetes has been reported, 20 as well as the elevation of the RAGE level in inflamed gingiva also being evident in systemically healthy individuals, 5 antiglycation agents are rarely considered therapeutics for non‐diabetes‐associated periodontitis. Recently, aminoguanidine, an AGE inhibitor, was introduced to experimental periodontitis, and it was noted that aminoguanidine appeared to modulate periodontitis in the induction phase only 14 . Therefore, in the present study, PTB, an AGE breaker, reduces PBL and modulates associated genes not only in the induction but also the progression and recovery phases of periodontitis, implying that these antiglycation agents might modulate inflammation via different pathways and lead to different consequences.…”

“…20130054) approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Taiwan University. Based on the results from a previous study 14 and under the assumption of at least 100‐μm difference in PBL between the control and treatment groups in the inductive phase, 80% power, α = 0.05, and normal distribution and equivalent variance of the samples, 36 (n = 6 per treatment per phase per time point) male Sprague‐Dawley rats without diabetes (8 to 10 weeks old; 250 to 300 gm) were used. Two treatments (normal saline [NS] and PTB injections) in three phases (induction, progression, and recovery) of experimental periodontitis were investigated in two groups of animals.…”