Aminocarbonylation Reaction Using a Pd–Sn Heterobimetallic Catalyst: Three-Component Coupling for Direct Access of the Amide Functionality

Abstract

A heterobimetallic “Pd–Sn” catalyst, namely, PdCl(PPh3)2SnCl3, efficiently catalyzes the aminocarbonylation reaction of aryl iodides with amines under the atmospheric pressure of CO in the absence of a base and additive. Primary, secondary, and alkyl amines all afforded the corresponding amides in good to excellent yields with high selectivity. A broad range of functional groups were tolerated. The method was further extended to the synthesis of biologically active isoindoline-1,3-diones in the presence of triethylamine. A mechanism is proposed for the reaction.

SnCl2-catalyzed multicomponent coupling: synthesis of 1,3-oxazolidine derivatives using paraformaldehyde as a C1 feedstock

“…36–42 Apart from this, the orbital structure of tin compounds facilitates their complex formation with various transition metals, leading to highly active catalysts. 43–49…”