Aminoalkanes as Pressor Substances

Abstract

Vol. 66 aliquot of 5 or 10 cc. is withdrawn, by means of a rubber suction bulb connected to a pipet, and hydrolyzed in 10 cc. of distilled water. Titration with standard acid, using phenolphthalein as an indicator, gives the total alkali. Another 5 or 10 cc. aliquot is added to 10 cc. of dry ether containing 1 cc. of benzyl chloride.8 As the alkyllithium solution is dropped into the benzyl chloride, as rapidly as it drains from the pipet, a yellow color flashes through the liquid. If the RLi solution is concentrated, a white precipitate of lithium chloride forms with the disappearance of the yellow color. The ether solution may become warm enough to boil, but it is not cooled. The mixture is allowed to stand one minute after the addition, then hydrolyzed, and titrated with standard acid. Care must be taken not to overstep the end-point in this titration since the aqueous layer decolorizes before the ether layer.This may be overcome by vigorous shaking near the end point.The benzyl chloride must be dissolved in ether because coupling with the RLi compound takes place much less readily in most other solvents. In analyses of RLi compounds prepared in petroleum ether, the benzyl chloride should be dissolved in a relatively large volume of ether.Lithium «-butoxide did not cleave benzyl chloride under the conditions of the analysis. When these two reagents were refluxed for one minute and then hydrolyzed, no chloride ion was found in the aqueous layer.Reaction of Benzyl Chloride with n-Butyllithium.-To a large excess of benzyl chloride (0.6 mole) in ether was added 250 cc. (0.158 mole) of «-butyllithium. Vigorous refluxing took place, even with a moderate rate of addition. The products isolated were: a small quantity of «-octane, 5 g. (21%) of n-amylbenzene, and 8.2 g. (31%) of bibenzyl. The bibenzyl was identified both by a mixed m. p. determination, and by the 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene-bibenzyl complex (m. p. 103-104°).® Incidentally, no bibenzyl was (8) The benzyl chloride was purified by drying user phosphorus pentoxide and then distilling at reduced pressure.

Anabolic steroids detected in bodybuilding dietary supplements – a significant risk to public health

“…Purified water was obtained from ELGA Purelab Maxima (Vivendi Water Systems, High Wycombe, UK). Methyl-1-testosterone and [19,19, H 3 ]-testosterone (d 3 T) was purchased from LGC Promochem (Teddington, UK). This analysis was performed on a high resolution mass spectrometer (Exactive, Thermo Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, UK) that was coupled to an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph (Acquity UPLC® with 2777C Sample Manager, Waters, Manchester, UK).…”

“…Five tablets or the contents of 5 capsules from products containing DHEA (1, 2, 4, and 23), methyl-1-testosterone (3 and 24), androstenedione (6,7,19, and 21), androst-4-ene-3,11,17-trione (13) and the residue from 15 (furazabol) following acid hydrolysis were diluted with methanol, sonicated, allowed to cool and the solution made up to an accurate volume with methanol. Portions of these solutions were taken and analyzed against known amounts of their respective standards using d 3 T as the internal standard by full scan GC-MS as their ether-TMS and/or enol-TMS derivatives.…”

Pharmacology

“…Further chemical work has been initiated in Hartung's laboratory (126,127,128) and by Rohrmann & Shonle (129). For some time, 2-methylamino-isooctene has been noted for its antispasmodic action on intestines (130).…”

Reactions of 2-(α-Haloalkyl)thiiranes with nucleophilic reagents: V. Reactions of 2-(α-Chloroalkyl)thiiranes with organolithium compounds

“…Methyllithium, butyllithium, and phenyllithium were prepared by standard procedures [8] from metallic lithium and methyl iodide, butyl bromide, and phenyl bromide, respectively; benzyllithium was synthesized from benzyl ethyl ether and metallic lithium [8]. The concentration of organolithium reagents was determined by acid-base titration [9]. Compounds IIa [10], IIb [11], IIc [12], IId [13], IIe [14], IIf [13], IIg [15], IIh [16,17], IIi [12], IIIa [18], IIIb [19], IV [20], and V [21] were described previously; they were identified by GC-MS and 1 H and 13 C NMR data.…”