Amino Resins

Diem, Hans; Matthias, Günther

doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_115

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, they are mostly used in the pharmaceutical, plastic, textile, and rubber industries [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. They have also been used as dyestuffs, optical bleaches, explosives, and surface-active agents [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Additionally, cycloguanil, a derivative of 1,3,5-trazine, has been noted to be a cyclic metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

et al. 2021

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A tripodal Schiff base ligand, 2,4,6-Tris(4-carboxybenzimino)-1,3,5-triazine (MT) and its trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) complexes were synthesized. These were characterized using UV-visible, IR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, and molar conductivity measurements. The spectral studies indicate that the ligand is hexadentate and coordinates to the Ln(III) ions through the oxygen atoms of the carboxylic group. The trinuclear complexes were characterized as being bridged by carboxylate anions to the Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) salen centers and displaying a coordination number of six. Biological studies revealed that MT is more active against the test micro-organisms relative to the trinuclear complexes. Acute toxicity studies revealed that MT is safe and has a wide range of effective doses (ED50). In vivo antimalarial studies indicate that MT could serve as an effective antimalarial agent since it has parasitemia inhibition of 84.02% at 50 mg/kg and 65.81% at 25 mg/kg, close to the value (87.22%) of the standard drug—Artesunate. Molecular docking simulation studies on the compounds against SARS-CoV-2 (6Y84) and E. coli DNA gyrase (5MMN) revealed effective binding interactions through multiple bonding modes. The binding energy calculated for Er(III)MT-6Y84 and Er(III)MT-5MMN complexes showed active molecules with the ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and E. coli DNA gyrase.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

et al. 2021

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“…Titanium dioxide, TiO 2 , exists in nature in the form of rutile, anatase, and brookite. The industrial sector produces large quantities of rutile and anatase titanium dioxide, which are used as pigments, catalysts and ceramic materials .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it cannot be typically used in the construction industry due to the high content of metallic impurities and radionuclides, such as Ti, Mg, Al, Mn, and Sr. Thus, only a small portion of titanogypsum (red gypsum) is utilized in the gypsum industries of Japan, the United States, and Europe . However, the Chinese annual production of 4 million tons of titanium dioxide means that 10 million tons of red gypsum must be treated in China annually, to say nothing of the red gypsum that has accumulated over several decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process for the Remediation of Titanogypsum (Red Gypsum) Using Weak Acid and CaCl₂ to Produce Saleable α-Gypsum and FeCl₂·4H₂O

Liu,

Asselin,

2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The disposal of titanogypsum, also known as red gypsum, which is generated during the titanium dioxide sulfate process, has become a significant environmental challenge. We propose a new process to recover iron impurities such as FeCl 2 • 4H 2 O and to convert titanogypsum to saleable hemihydrate gypsum. For this purpose, we use HCl−FeCl 2 solution generated via the reaction of H 2 SO 4 −FeSO 4 with CaCl 2 to leach iron hydroxide from titanogypsum. The hemihydrate precipitation and phase-transition kinetics of the reaction of HCl−H 2 SO 4 −FeSO 4 with CaCl 2 are experimentally investigated at 353 K. The common ion effect of CaCl 2 in the FeCl 2 solution for FeCl 2 •4H 2 O crystallization is predicted by NRTL modeling of the solid−liquid equilibria of the FeCl 2 −CaCl 2 − H 2 O system. High-quality, saleable α-gypsum and FeCl 2 •4H 2 O solids obtained by treating titanogypsum samples provided by a commercial processing plant further shows that the new process is feasible.

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“…As a useful form of FGD gypsum, alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-HH: α-CaSO 4 ·0.5H 2 O) provides value over conventional gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate: DH) and has specific applications such as in building materials, ceramic molds, precision casting, and dental materials. − The fraction of gypsum binders (α-HH) in all mineral binders is also less than 5% in China compared with 25–27% in Germany and 22% in the United States . Currently, among the main industrial processes to produce α-HH from FGD gypsum by use of autoclaves and crystal modifiers to convert the crystal structure, one is the SICOWA-ProMineral process, in which stable stackable blocks made from finely divided FGD gypsum and auxiliaries experience the phase transition in high-pressure steam to obtain α-HH plaster.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of α-High-Strength Hemihydrate from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum in AlCl₃–MgCl₂ Solution at Atmospheric Pressure

Liu

Asselin

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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An industrially feasible process was proposed to produce α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-HH) from FGD gypsum without any additives. In this process, an AlCl 3 solution was used to promote the conversion of calcium sulfate dihydrate (DH) to hexagonal prismatic α-HH with high strength at atmospheric pressure. The phase transition kinetics of FGD gypsum was experimentally investigated under conditions: AlCl 3 (2−2.5 m), MgCl 2 (0−0.4 m) existing in raw FGD gypsum, and the solid−liquid ratio (or solid content %) range of 0.1−2 at 363 K. It was found that increasing the concentrations of MgCl 2 in AlCl 3 solution accelerated the conversion. The uniform large hexagonal prism HH product was obtained at the folowing optimal conditions: 2.5 mol/kg AlCl 3 , 0.4 mol/kg MgCl 2 , solid−liquid ratio of 2, and equilibration time of 2 h at 363 K. The phase diagram of the AlCl 3 -MgCl 2 -H 2 O system was determined by measuring solubility of solids. The E-NRTL activity model was used to construct the phase transition diagram of CaSO 4 in AlCl 3 −MgCl 2 media and to judge the stable range of DH and HH.

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Amino Resins

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

Process for the Remediation of Titanogypsum (Red Gypsum) Using Weak Acid and CaCl₂ to Produce Saleable α-Gypsum and FeCl₂·4H₂O

Preparation of α-High-Strength Hemihydrate from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum in AlCl₃–MgCl₂ Solution at Atmospheric Pressure

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Amino Resins

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of a Tripodal Schiff Base Derived from 2,4,6-Triamino-1,3,5-triazine and Its Trinuclear Dy(III), Er(III), and Gd(III) Salen Capped Complexes

Process for the Remediation of Titanogypsum (Red Gypsum) Using Weak Acid and CaCl2 to Produce Saleable α-Gypsum and FeCl2·4H2O

Preparation of α-High-Strength Hemihydrate from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum in AlCl3–MgCl2 Solution at Atmospheric Pressure

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Process for the Remediation of Titanogypsum (Red Gypsum) Using Weak Acid and CaCl₂ to Produce Saleable α-Gypsum and FeCl₂·4H₂O

Preparation of α-High-Strength Hemihydrate from Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum in AlCl₃–MgCl₂ Solution at Atmospheric Pressure